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A beginner's guide to buying cheap

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How to buy cheap train tickets for Europe...

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How to buy cheap train tickets to Europe:  A Eurostar about to leave St Pancras International...  

London to Paris for £39?  Paris to Geneva for £23?  London to Berlin for 49 euros?

Paris to Venice for 35 euros?  Amsterdam to Prague for 59 euros?

If you know where to look and book in advance, there are some amazingly cheap train fares out there for travel to and within Europe.  There are no airport taxes to add, no baggage fees or weight limits, the trains run centre-to-centre with no extra costs getting to and from remote airports, and infants go free.  Sleeper trains can save a hotel bill, too!

It would be lovely if there was a single website that sold tickets for any European train journey at the cheapest price, but there isn't - you need to use different websites depending on the journey you're trying to book.  But don't worry, I'm going to explain which website to use or agency to call for any given European train journey, to get the cheapest prices and appropriate ticket delivery options, wherever you live in the world. 

 

On this page...

      On other pages...

What's the best way to buy European train tickets?

Senior fares (over 60)

General European train travel information

How to buy train tickets online

Youth fares (under 26)

Luggage,   Taking your bike by train

How to buy train tickets by phone

Child fares & child age limits

Taking dogs & petsTaking your car by train

Buying European tickets if you're from the USA, Australia...

Can any train be booked from the UK?

Couchettes & sleepers

How far in advance can I book?

Booking European hotels

Guide to railpasses, Eurail passes & InterRail passes

Step-by-step instructions for using key train ticket websites...

Raileurope.co.uk    French railways (voyages-sncf.com)    Italian railways (trenitalia.com)    Spanish railways (renfe.com)

Buy a special add-on ticket from almost any station in Britain to London International (St Pancras)

 

 What's the best way to buy European train tickets?

Buy tickets online...

The best way to buy European train tickets is online direct from the relevant European train operator.  This way, you'll pay the cheap European prices, with no middle-man, no booking fees, no postage costs or agency mark-ups.  There are often cheap deals available if you book in advance, and you can browse availability & prices for different dates at your leisure.  The website you need to use depends on which journey you want to book and on what ticket delivery options it offers, so click the links below and I'll explain which website or websites to use:

How to buy European train tickets online if you live in the UK, Ireland or other European country

How to buy European train tickets online if you live in the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Asia, Africa or worldwide

Buy tickets by phone...

If it online booking seems too daunting, you may prefer to buy tickets by phone from a specialist booking agency.  This usually costs a bit more than booking online as agencies normally charge a booking fee, which in the UK varies between £8 & £35.  Some agencies are better than others for particular journeys because of the reservation system they use, so click on the links below for a list of recommended agencies in the UK and worldwide, and read the advice before picking up the phone:

How to buy European train tickets by phone in the UK

How to buy European train tickets by phone in the Republic of Ireland

How to buy European train tickets by phone in the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Asia, Africa & worldwide

  The TrainsEurope desk at St pancras station can sell train tickets for journeys all over Europe  
 

The TrainsEurope desk at St Pancras station in London can sell tickets for most European trains, unlike the Eurostar ticket office which can only sell Eurostar tickets to Paris or Brussels!  It's located in the National Rail travel centre, open 09:00-18:00 Monday-Saturday and 10:00-17:00 on Sundays.

 

Buy tickets in person...

You generally need to buy tickets online or by phone, as in the UK, the Eurostar ticket office at London St Pancras can only sell tickets as far as Paris or Brussels, and most other British rail stations do not sell international tickets at all, except for train & ferry tickets to the Republic of Ireland.  But there are two exceptions worth mentioning:

  • Rail Europe (www.raileurope.co.uk) has a travel centre at 1 Regent Street, London, SW1Y 4XT, open 10:00-18:00 Mondays to Fridays, 10:00-16:00 Saturdays, nearest Underground Piccadilly Circus.  It gets very busy in the Summer, so allow plenty of time.  Update:  The Rail Europe travel centre will close on 31 January 2012, reopening in a new location on Piccadilly in late February.  Rail Europe are a subsidiary of French Railways, so are good for journeys to France and via France to Italy, Spain, Switzerland, but they don't always have the best prices for travel via Brussels to Germany, Austria, eastern Europe & Scandinavia, for which you're often better off calling Deutsche Bahn's (German railways) UK office.

  • TrainsEurope (www.trainseurope.co.uk) has a ticket desk at St Pancras station in London, inside the domestic travel centre marked 'National Rail Tickets' underneath platforms 1-4.  It's open 09:00-18:00 Monday-Saturday and 10:00-17:00 Sundays.  Unlike the Eurostar ticket office, it can sell tickets for journeys all over Europe, and make European seat, couchette or sleeper reservations. 

  • Trainseurope's main office is at March railway station in Cambridgeshire, open 09:00-17:30 Monday to Friday, closed Saturdays & Sundays.  They used to have an office at Cambridge station, but this is now closed.  However, a new office at Leicester station will open on 11 July 2011, open Monday-Saturday 10:00-16:00.

Buy tickets at the station...

UK rail stations don't sell international tickets, and the Eurostar ticket office at St Pancras can only sell tickets as far as Paris or Brussels.  But once you're in mainland Europe, most main railway stations can sell international tickets, at least for trains originating in that country and often for other countries as well.  Here's a rough guide as to whether buying tickets at the station is a good idea or not:

  • Buying at the station on the day is a good idea for many shorter journeys, where you don't need a reservation, you just buy a ticket at a fixed price and hop on the next train.  Journeys like this include (1) local, suburban & regional trains in almost all countries, and (2) internal trains wholly within each of the following countries:  Belgium, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Austria.  Journeys falling into this category include Pisa to Florence, Florence to Siena, Brussels to Bruges, Paris to Versailles, Geneva to Bern, and (although in fact international, just bear with me on this) Brussels to Luxembourg and the hourly (non-high-speed) InterCity trains between Brussels & Amsterdam.  The price for these journeys is the same whether you buy in advance or on the day, and tickets can never 'sell out', so there is no advantage whatsoever in pre-booking other than saving time at the ticket office.  There's in fact a third case where buying at the station can be a good idea.  Long-distance international & internal tickets in eastern Europe are often as cheap or cheaper bought at the station than bought through a western European rail operator or agency, because special reduced fares are often available at the ticket office which are not available outside that country, and also because the tariffs provided by that country for sale by other European rail operators are usually higher than the fares they themselves charge at their ticket offices.  Examples include Krakow to Prague, Budapest to Bucharest, Zagreb to Vienna, Warsaw to Krakow, Istanbul to Bucharest, all easy and cheaply bought at the station.  But as reservation is compulsory for most of these journeys, you should weigh up the desire for cheapness with the peace of mind in having your travel plans safely sorted in advance.  If the journey is mission-critical you may want to pre-book, if not, buy at the station.  In practice there are almost always places available even on the day of travel.

  • Buying on the day at the station is not the cheapest option for longer distance journeys & a very bad idea for Eurostar journeys:  For most long distance international journeys in western Europe, and for inter-city journeys within countries such as Spain, France, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Norway and even the UK, there are cheaper fares if you book in advance, more expensive fares if you buy on the day of travel.  And reservation is compulsory on most western European international trains and on all long-distance trains within France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Portugal & Sweden, so tickets can indeed 'sell out' at busy times, even though there are usually places available even on the day.  It therefore pays to pre-book these journeys if you can.  Eurostar is an extreme example, as London to Paris starts at just £39 if you book in advance, but you'll pay a whopping £140+ if you try to buy on the day of travel.  So don't turn up at the station without a ticket unless you have to.  In Italy, full-price fares aren't too expensive so buying at the station is still a reasonable option, but even there, you can get a 15% or 30% discount by pre-booking at the Trenitalia website.


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 How to buy European train tickets online...

Back to top

Just click on the country or city where your journey begins...

...I'll tell you the best website to buy train tickets to neighbouring countries.

London & UK   Switzerland   Austria   Hungary    
Dublin & Ireland   Italy   Denmark   Prague & Czech Rep.    
Paris & France   Spain   Norway   Poland    
Brussels & Belgium   Portugal   Sweden   Russia    
Amsterdam & Netherlands   Germany   Finland   Other eastern European countries    

Important tips for booking online...

  • Bookings open 90 days in advance, or in some cases 60 days.  You can't book before reservations open, but no-one else can either, so don't worry, the train cannot 'sell out'!  London-Paris & London-Brussels Eurostar reservations open 120 days ahead, but if you're travelling beyond Paris or Brussels I strongly advise waiting until 90 days before departure so you can book all your tickets together and make sure that all the trains connect.  Note that all European timetables change on the 2nd Sunday in June and in December and this can shorten the usual 90 days to just 60 days or less for dates immediately after the change, as they're always late loading the new data.  More information about when bookings open.

  • Check the ticket delivery options carefully to avoid being caught out.  For example, the Italian railways website trenitalia.com will happily sell you a ticket from Paris to Florence or from Zurich to Milan, but tickets can only be collected at Italian stations or sent to Italian addresses, so it's no good for journeys in the southbound 'to Italy' direction unless you live in Italy.  Whereas the German website bahn.de offers 'self-print' tickets between Amsterdam & Berlin so can be used to book this journey in whichever direction you like.  I take this into account in recommending the right website to use for any particular journey.

  • Use www.bahn.de as your all-purpose online European timetable!  It's often best to start planning a complex journey using the excellent, fast & capable all-Europe timetable at the German Railways site www.bahn.de.  OK, so it won't give fares, at least not outside Germany, but it'll give train times almost anywhere in Europe, even for complex international journeys.   Try using www.bahn.de to plan your whole journey, then break the journey into manageable chunks and book each section using the relevant countries' own websites.  For example, neither trenitalia.com nor tgv-europe.com will book a journey (or even come up with train times) from Rome to Marseille.  But bahn.de will come up with train times for you very easily, and you can then go to trenitalia.com to book the Italian trains and to tgv-europe.com to book the French bit.

  • Split longer journeys into easy-to-book stages:  Most online booking systems can't handle the most complex multi-leg journeys.  So having used www.bahn.de to find an end-to-end journey, the most important tip for a complex booking is to break that journey down into manageable chunks that the online systems can cope with.  For example, none of the rail operator websites are capable of booking a journey from Amsterdam to Marbella near Malaga in Spain all in one go.  But www.thalys.com will book Amsterdam-Paris and if you treat Paris-Madrid & Madrid-Malaga as two separate stages, the Spanish Railways website www.renfe.com will book both of these for you.  And a local ticket from Malaga to Marbella can easily be bought on the day at the station, so no need to worry about that bit.  As you can see, a bit of creative thinking is sometimes required!

  • Sometimes it can be better to book by phone: First, if there's a persistent technical problem with the online systems, cut your losses and pick up the phone!  People forget you can still do this!  Second, if you have some specific requirements, such as wanting a specific seat or a seat in a specific carriage, you may need to book by phone.  Third, there are journeys that simply can't be booked online at all, for example many eastern European journeys such as Warsaw-Kiev, Budapest-Bucharest or Bucharest-Istanbul to name just a few.  In fact, there's a few trains which can't be booked at all outside the country in question, for example trains within Bulgaria or Greece.  Finally, if you're booking a more complex journey, you may prefer to book all your tickets together by phone, even though you pay a booking fee, rather than have to make multiple bookings on several websites making sure that each of these connects.

  •  Journeys starting in London / UK

 

To buy train tickets within the UK, see the UK page

Each seat61 country page gives specific step-by-step instructions for booking a journey from the UK to that particular European country, so just select your destination country from the menu on the left.  But just for the record, here's a general summary of the best way to buy train tickets from the UK to Europe:

Train journeys wholly within the UK:  See the UK page or Northern Ireland page

UK to Dublin & Ireland from £38, see the London to Dublin & Ireland page

You can buy cheap train+ferry 'SailRail' tickets from London or any station in Great Britain to Dublin online on the London to Ireland page from just £38 one-way.

UK to Paris & Brussels from £39, see the London to Paris by Eurostar page

If all you want is a Eurostar ticket from London to Paris or Brussels, the best way to book is online direct from Eurostar at www.eurostar.com.  You simply print out your own ticket, or if you prefer tickets can be sent to any UK, French or Belgian address or you can choose to collect them at the station in London, Paris or Brussels using the e-ticket machines.  Eurostar bookings open 120 days before departure, longer than most other European trains.  Although www.eurostar.com is capable of booking through tickets from London to many cities in France, it won't book overnight trains or tickets to every destination, so I'd recommend using either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents) or www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country) for destinations beyond Paris or Belgium, as they offer more destinations, give you more control over each booking, will also book overnight trains, and often offer cheaper options.  Remember that Eurostar tickets to Brussels are valid to any station in Belgium, not just Brussels, see the Belgium page.

UK to the Netherlands from £39, see the London to Amsterdam page

London to Amsterdam or any Dutch station by train+ferry:  London-Amsterdam (or any Dutch stations) by train+ferry via Harwich-Hook of Holland can be booked online at www.dutchflyer.co.uk, see the Netherlands page for full details.

London to Amsterdam by Eurostar:  Simply buy a ticket to Brussels at www.eurostar.com, which is automatically valid to any station in Belgium, selecting the option to print your own ticket at home.  Then buy an Essen-Amsterdam ticket in Brussels when you get there for just 22 euros one-way, 44 euros return (this is the little Essen in Belgium just before the Dutch border, not the bigger Essen in Germany).  No advance reservation is necessary for the hourly intercity trains from Brussels to Amsterdam and the price doesn't change, you just buy a ticket at a fixed price at the ticket office and hop on.  You're now covered for the whole Brussels-Amsterdam InterCity journey, there's no need to get off at Essen.  www.eurostar.com accepts all credit cards, not just UK ones.

UK to any other European country:  See the relevant seat61 country page.

 Journeys starting in Ireland

Dublin to London for 40 euros...

You can buy cheap flexible 'SailRail' tickets for train & ferry travel from any rail station in Ireland to any rail station in Britain at www.irishferries.com.  Dublin to London costs 40 euros.  Cork, Limerick, Galway or Sligo to London costs 60 euros.  Any day, any time.  Travel on the Swift fast ferry costs a few euros more.  More details on the London to Ireland page.

...then onwards from London to Paris or Brussels:

After buying a cheap SailRail ticket from Dublin or anywhere in Ireland to London at www.irishferries.com, buy a Eurostar ticket from London to Paris or Brussels from £39 one-way, £69 return, at www.eurostar.com, allowing plenty of time to change trains and stations in London, in case of any delay.  You arrive at London Euston station, you can walk (10 minutes) along to St Pancras station where Eurostar departs.

...or onwards from London to Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Germany & beyond:

See the relevant country page for details, from the menu on the left.

Dublin to Amsterdam...

You can take the 08:05 ferry from Dublin to Holyhead, connecting with a train arriving at London Euston at 16:38 Mondays-Saturdays, 16:44 Sundays, see the Ireland page.  Catch the Underground or a taxi from Euston to Liverpool Street station, then travel onwards overnight to Amsterdam by Dutch Flyer train & night ferry with private cabin, see the London to Amsterdam page for details.

 Journeys starting in Paris & France

  Take Eurostar & TGV high-speed train from London to Nice, Marseille, Lyon, Bordeaux, Avignon, Strasbourg, Perpignan or anywhere in France

To buy train tickets within France & from France to neighbouring countries, use www.tgv-europe.com.

Train journeys wholly within France...

If you're a UK resident, you can book French train tickets online at www.raileurope.co.uk, which will book any train in France including overnight trains, with prices in pounds and tickets sent to any UK address.  Residents of any country can buy tickets at French Railways own website, www.tgv-europe.com (in English) or www.voyages-sncf.com (in French), but see this advice on how to use it first, especially if you live in the USA.  Seat reservation is compulsory for almost all French long-distance trains, and cheap advance-purchase fares called 'prems' are available if you book in advance, so book in advance if you can.  www.tgv-europe.com will send tickets to any country worldwide except the USA (the advice on using it explains why!).

Paris to London, from £39...

There's Eurostar train from Paris to London via the Channel Tunnel almost every hour throughout the day, taking just 2 hours 15 minutes, centre to centre, much faster and more comfortable than flying.  Fares from £39 one-way or £69 (89 euros) return.  The best way to buy Eurostar tickets is direct with Eurostar at www.eurostar.com.  See the London to Paris by Eurostar page for more information about Eurostar and the Eurostar journey.  You print out your own ticket.

From other French towns & cities to London, it's best to buy tickets using either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, see this advice on how to use it first).  The London to France page will help with UK-France routes & train times, in either direction, and show you what French daytime TGV and overnight trains are like.

Paris to other UK towns & cities...

You can buy through tickets from Paris to 130 UK towns & cities including York, Bath, Oxford, Cambridge, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Bristol at www.eurostar.com, one-way or return in either direction.  However, even if you live in France, you must select 'United Kingdom' as your country of residence on the www.eurostar.com country selection page so that you make the booking in pounds sterling on the UK version of Eurostar's website.  These 130 UK regional destinations will not show up if you select 'France' or 'België' or 'Belgique' as your country of residence (If you don't get offered this country selection when you go to www.eurostar.com, simply select 'tools', 'delete browsing history' on your browser and delete your cookies).  This is allegedly because UK train companies won't accept payment in euros, so only the pound-based UK version of the Eurostar site can sell tickets to these UK destinations beyond London.  Or perhaps we just don't want any French people visiting York or Bath or anywhere beyond London!  There are no problems in selecting 'United Kingdom' as your country of residence even if you really live in France.

Paris to Brussels, Bruges & Amsterdam, from 35 euros...

Thalys high-speed trains link Paris with Brussels (1 hour 20 minutes), Antwerp, Rotterdam & Amsterdam (3 hours 9 minutes) regularly throughout the day at up to 186 mph.  From city centre to city centre, it's faster than flying, and certainly more relaxing.  You can book Thalys trains online at the Thalys website www.thalys.com (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address).  If you have any trouble with thalys.com, you can also book Thalys trains from Paris to Brussels or Amsterdam using www.b-europe.com, although they add 3 euros for credit card payment.  Booking tip:  When using www.thalys.com, if you book to 'Brussels ABS' (or 'Bruxelles TGB' in French) instead of just 'Brussels' you get a Thalys ticket to Brussels plus an onward journey by any suitable connecting train (except Thalys or German ICE) to any Belgian station within 24 hours of arriving in Brussels.  This is much cheaper than buying a separate onward ticket to Bruges or Ghent!  For more information about Thalys, see the Thalys page.

Paris to Luxembourg from 39 euros...

Direct high-speed TGV trains link Paris with Luxembourg in 2 hours 15 minutes, several times daily.  You can book these trains online at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA or can be collected at the station, but see this advice before using it).

Paris to Switzerland from 29 euros:  Paris to Geneva, Lausanne, Bern, Basel, Zurich...

TGV Lyria high-speed trains link central Paris with key Swiss cities including Geneva (3h05), Lausanne, Basel (3h30), Bern (4h30) & Zurich (4h45).  From city centre to city centre, it's quicker than flying, and much more relaxing.  You can book these trains online at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA or they can be collected at the station see this advice on how to use it).  Alternatively, residents of any country can book tickets from Paris to anywhere in Switzerland using the Swiss Railways website www.sbb.ch, as long as you're offered the option to self-print tickets when the delivery options come up.  This option will appear for booking cheap train-specific fares, but not for the fully-flexible fares. Prices are the same as on tgv-europe.com.  You can find out more about Lyria TGV trains & facilities on board on the TGV Lyria page or at the Lyria website, www.tgv-lyria.com.

Paris to Italy from 35 euros:  Paris to Rome, Florence, Milan, Turin, Verona, Venice...

Paris to Milan, Verona, Venice by direct 'Thello' sleeper train:  There's a daily overnight sleeper train from Paris to Milan, Verona and Venice, effectively faster than flying, and it'll save a hotel bill too.  The train has 6-berth & 4-berth couchettes, and 1, 2 & 3 bed sleeper with washbasin, plus a restaurant car.  See the London to Italy page for more information on times and prices, see the Thello sleeper train page for an illustrated guide to on board accommodation.  Thello plan to restart a Paris-Florence-Rome sleeper train in June 2012.

  • The 'Thello' sleeper train leaves Paris Gare de Lyon at 19:45 and arriving in Milan at 05:38, Verona 08:00 and Venice Santa Lucia on the banks of the Grand Canal at 09:34, a short walk from the Rialto Bridge and St  Mark's Square.

  • Fares start at just 35 euros with couchette, 100 euros with bed in a 2-bed sleeper. 

  • Anyone from any country can book this train in either direction using this method:

  • Go to www.trenitalia.com, and enter 'Paris' to Venice' in the journey planner and look for the direct EN (EuroNight) train with no changes in the search results.

  • Ignore the fares at this stage, as it is only showing full-price fares.  Select the direct EN train and hit 'Continue'.

  • On the next page, change the accommodation type to the type of couchette or sleeper you want.  'Double seat compartment' is simply a poor translation of 2-bed sleeper.  'Single seat compartment' similarly should read 'Single bed compartment'.  Note that you are booking individual berths - so if you book 2 tickets in a 2-berth sleeper, you'll get the whole compartment, if you book 2 tickets in a 3-berth sleeper you'll get two of the three beds, with the third berth sold to someone else.

  • Still on the same page, look for the 'More fares' drop down box and change it first to 'Smart'.  See if this cheapest fare is available for your selected date and accommodation type.  If not, try 'Go' instead, which is the next cheapest.  Smart fare = 'budget train fare', no refunds, no changes.  Go fare = next cheapest fare, limited changes or refunds.

  • Once you've found the cheapest fare, be it 'Smart' or 'Go', proceed with the booking.

  • Select the option 'Ticketless with invoice by email'.  You don't need a ticket, you simply pay and book online, then quote your booking reference on board.

Paris to Turin or Milan by daytime TGV trains:  There are also two daily daytime TGV trains from Paris to Turin & Milan, leaving Paris Gare de Lyon at 07:41 and 15:04, taking 7 hours to Milan, quite a scenic and relaxing run.  These can be booked at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or they can be picked up at the station, but see this advice on how to use it).  From 11 December 2011, these TGVs will be run entirely by SNCF (French Railways) with no Trenitalia involvement.  Onward tickets from Milan to other places in Italy should be booked at www.trenitalia.com.

How to buy onward tickets within Italy:  The raileurope.co.uk or tgv-europe.com booking system will book the direct trains Paris-Milan, but may struggle with Paris-Naples or Paris-Pisa, both of which require a change of train.  So use raileurope or tgv-europe.com to book (in this example) the Paris-Milan train, then book onward connections in Italy separately at the Italian Railways site, www.trenitalia.com, see this advice on using it.  You'll find discounted 'Mini' fares at trenitalia.com as well as full-price flexible fares, but Rail Europe can only sell the full-price fares.

Paris to Spain from 68 euros:  Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, Granada, Alicante...

Paris to Barcelona & Madrid by Elipsos sleeper trains:  There are excellent overnight sleeper trains from Paris to Barcelona & Madrid, with cosy sleepers, an elegant restaurant and a bar, see the photos & information here.  In effect it's faster than flying and it'll save a hotel bill too. 

  • For Barcelona, the Elipsos trainhotel 'Joan Miro' leaves Paris Gare d'Austerlitz 20:32, arrives Barcelona 08.24 next morning. 

  • For Madrid, the Elipsos trainhotel 'Francisco de Goya' leaves Paris Austerlitz at 19:45, and arrives Madrid at 09.10 next morning.  Doesn't run on Tuesday or Wednesday nights from November until March.

  • Fares start at 72 euros with a bed in a 4-bed sleeper. 

The best way to book these trains is online at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or you can collect tickets at the station, but see this advice on how to use it.  You can also book at www.renfe.com, printing out your own ticket.  Residents of the USA & Canada can also book this train online using www.raileurope.com, Australians at www.raileurope.com.au, and in Asia, Africa or South America at www.raileurope-world.com.

Paris to Barcelona by daytime high-speed train:  There are now two daily TGVs from Paris to Figueres with connection to Barcelona, leaving at 07:20 and 15:20, journey time about 7 hours.  Fares from 68 euros.  Direct TGV trains will link Paris with Barcelona from December 2012, with the journey time reducing to around 5½ hours.  These trains can also be booked online at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or you can collect tickets at the station, see this advice on how to use it).  Tip:  You may see cheaper prices if you split the journey into Paris-Figueres and Figueres-Barcelona. 

Cheapest way to book tickets within Spain:  The raileurope.co.uk system can book onward trains within Spain, but only at full fare, not the cheap advance-booking web or estrella fares.  The tgv-europe.com booking system will book the direct trainhotels Paris-Madrid or Paris-Barcelona, but can't book onwards trains to Malaga or Alicante.  So use raileurope or tgv-europe.com to book the Paris-Madrid train (for Seville or Malaga) or the Paris-Barcelona trainhotel (for Valencia or Alicante), then book onward connections in Spain separately at the Spanish Railways website www.renfe.com - see this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com.  Similarly, it may struggle with (say) Nice-Barcelona, so break the journey into logical stages, and try first booking Montpellier-Barcelona, then click 'add another ticket' and book a connecting Nice-Montpellier journey.  Frequent trains link Madrid with Seville, Malaga & Cordoba, also Granada & Cadiz.  Frequent trains link Barcelona with Valencia & Alicante.  The Spain page will help with connecting trains, just look for the relevant destination section and ignore the London-Paris part. 

Paris to Portugal from 114 euros with sleeper:  Lisbon, Faro, Porto

Leave Paris late afternoon, arrive Lisbon next morning! 

  • Travel from Paris to Irun on the Franco-Spanish border by high-speed TGV, leaving Paris Montparnasse at 15:50 and arriving Irun at 21:35.  Fares from 20 euros if you pre-book at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or you can collect tickets at the station, see this advice on using it). 

  • Then take the famous 'Sud Express', now an excellent 'trainhotel' sleeper train, from Irun to Lisbon, leaving Irun at 22:00 and arriving at Lisbon Santa Apolonia at 10:31 next morning, flexible fare 94 euros with a bed in a 4-bed sleeper.  The trainhotel has 4-berth Tourist sleepers, 1 & 2-bed Preferente sleepers with washbasin, and Gran Clase 1 & 2 bed sleepers with shower & toilet.  You'll find more details on the London to Portugal page.  Book the Irun to Lisbon Sud Express at the Spanish railways website www.renfe.com, printing out your own tickets. See this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com

  • For the Algarve, change at Lisbon Oriente for an InterCity train to Faro.  For Porto, leave the Sud Express at Coimbra B and take a train north to Porto, details on the London to Portugal page.

Paris to Germany from 39 euros:  Frankfurt, Cologne, Munich, Berlin

Option 1City Night Line sleeper trains from Paris to Munich, Berlin & Hamburg:  An excellent City Night Line sleeper train leaves Paris Est at 20:20 and arrives next morning in Munich at 07:16, Hamburg at 08:37 and Berlin at 09:01.  Fares from 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros with a bed in a 2-bed sleeper.  You can easily book this train online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket.  You can also book at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA or can be collected at the station, but see this advice on using it).  For technical reasons, Rail Europe & tgv-europe.com cannot book 4-berth couchettes on these sleeper trains, but bahn.de can.

Option 2Direct high-speed daytime trains from Paris to Cologne, Stuttgart, Mannheim, Frankfurt, Munich:  There's a whole range of direct daytime high-speed trains from Paris to Frankfurt (3h45), Stuttgart (3h40), Munich (6 hours) or Cologne (3h30).  Paris-Cologne Thalys trains can be booked online at www.thalys.com.  Trains from Paris to Mannheim, Frankfurt, Stuttgart or Munich can be booked at either the German railways website www.bahn.de (residents of any country) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways' own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA or can be collected at the station, but see this advice on using it).  I recommend that you book any onward trains within Germany, such as Cologne-Berlin or Frankfurt-Berlin, at www.bahn.de, because the German railways website has all the cheap fares within Germany, whereas the other websites won't show all these cheap fares.

Paris to Austria from 72 euros:  Innsbruck, Salzburg, Linz, Vienna

Option 1:  The easiest way to travel from Paris to Austria is to take the excellent overnight City Night Line sleeper train from Paris to Munich leaving Paris Est at 20:20 and arriving Munich Hbf at 07:16 next morning.  Then travel from Munich to Linz or Vienna by fast modern RailJet train, leaving Munich at 09:27 and arriving Vienna at 13:40.  Or take a EuroCity train departing Munich at 08:27 and arriving Salzburg 10:09;  Or another EuroCity train departing Munich at 09:31 and arriving Innsbruck at 11:33.  Fares for the Paris-Munich sleeper start at 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 79 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, bookings normally open 90 days in advance, it's easy to book this train online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket.  Fares from Munich to Innsbruck or Salzburg start at just 19 euros, Munich to Vienna from 29 euros, book these trains online as a second transaction at www.bahn.de.

Option 2:  You can also get from Paris to Austria in one day using daytime trains.  Book a Paris-Munich TGV at www.bahn.de.  Tickets can also be booked at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA or can be picked up at the station, but it has quite a few quirks, so see this advice on how to use it).  Then as a second separate ticket use www.bahn.de to book a connecting train from Munich to Innsbruck, Salzburg or Vienna, allowing at least 45 minutes to change trains in Munich.

Paris to Prague (Czech Republic), Warsaw & Krakow (Poland) from 72 euros...

Option 1

  • Travel from Paris to Cologne by high-speed Thalys train, leaving Paris Nord at 18:01 arriving Cologne at 21:15 (check times for your date of travel as they may vary).  Fares start at 35 euros if you book online at www.thalys.com

  • Then travel from Cologne to Prague or Warsaw by overnight sleeper train, leaving Cologne at 22:28 by City Night Line sleeper train arriving in central Prague at 09:31 next morning, or on the 'Jan Kiepura' EuroNight sleeper train to Warsaw arriving Warsaw Centralna at 10:25 next morning.  Fares for both these trains start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette or 99 euros with a bed in a 2-bed sleeper, and you can easily book online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket.  For Krakow, buy an onward ticket when you get to Warsaw.

Option 2

  • Travel from Paris to Berlin by excellent City Night Line sleeper train, leaving Paris Est at 20:20 and arriving Berlin Hbf at 09:01 next morning.  Fares start at just 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, you can book this train online at either www.bahn.de (the German Railways website, for residents of any country, you simply print your own ticket) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways' own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, see this advice on how to use it). 

  • Then travel by the following onward trains also bookable at www.bahn.de with fares from 29 euros:  Berlin depart 09:40, Warsaw arrive 15:05; Berlin depart 09:35, Krakow arrive  19:45;  Berlin depart 10:48, Prague arrive 15:28.

The London to Poland and London to the Czech Republic pages have more information about the journey via both these options..

Paris to Budapest (Hungary), Ljubljana (Slovenia), Zagreb (Croatia) from 72 euros...

Option 1

  • Travel from Paris to Berlin by City Night Line sleeper train, leaving Paris Est at 20:20 and arriving Munich Hbf at 07:16 next morning.  Fares start at just 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, you can book this train online at either www.bahn.de (the German Railways website, for residents of any country, you simply print your own ticket) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways' own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, see this advice on how to use it).

  • For Budapest, depart Munich at 09:27 by modern Railjet train arriving Budapest at 16:49, fares from 39 euros, book online at www.bahn.de

  • For Ljubljana or Zagreb, depart Munich at 08:27 by air-conditioned EuroCity train, arriving Ljubljana at 14:31 and Zagreb at 17:00, fares from 39 euros, book online at www.bahn.de.

Option 2

  • First take the 15:24 high-speed TGV from Paris to Munich arriving 21:38.  Fares from 39 euros, book online at either www.bahn.de (for residents of any country, you simply print your own ticket) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, but see this advice on how to use it). 

  • Then take the sleeper train leaving Munich at 23:40 with a portion for Budapest arriving 08:49 next morning, and a portion for Zagreb arriving 08:40.  The Zagreb sleeper must be booked by phone, but the Munich-Budapest sleeper can be booked online at www.bahn.de.

Paris to Copenhagen (Denmark) from 78 euros, Stockholm (Sweden), Oslo (Norway)...

Option 1

  • Travel from Paris to Cologne by high-speed Thalys train, leaving Paris Nord at 18:01 arriving Cologne at 21:15 (check times for your date of travel as they may vary).  Fares start at 35 euros if you book online at www.thalys.com

  • Then travel from Cologne to Copenhagen, leaving Cologne at 22:28 by excellent City Night Line sleeper train to Prague arriving 10:02 next morning.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette or 99 euros with a bed in a 2-bed sleeper, and you can easily book online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket. 

  • For Stockholm, a fast X2000 train leaves Copenhagen at 12:37 arriving Stockholm Central at 17:39.  There are also connections from Copenhagen to Oslo.  Tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm & Oslo can be booked online at www.sj.se (see advice on using sj.se).  Tickets are self-printed or can be collected from the SJ ticket machines at Copenhagen main station.

Option 2

  • Travel from Paris to Hamburg on the excellent City Night Line sleeper train, leaving Paris Est at 20:20 and arriving Hamburg Hbf at 08:37 next morning.  Fares start at just 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, book this train online at www.bahn.de (the German Railways website, for residents of any country, you simply print your own ticket) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or French Railways' own website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, see this advice on how to use it). 

  • Then travel from Hamburg to Copenhagen by EuroCity ICE train, leaving Hamburg Hbf at 09:28 and arriving Copenhagen at 14:10.  Fares for this train start at 29 euros, book online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket. 

  • Allow at least an hour in Copenhagen for connections, then book an onward ticket to Stockholm at www.sj.se (see advice on using sj.se).

Paris to Athens (Greece)...

Paris to Athens takes less than 48 hours via the ferry from Italy, and it's a great journey.  It can be booked online in 3 stages, see the London to Greece page for times, fares and how to buy tickets, just ignore the London-Paris part.  The overland journey from Paris to Athens via Belgrade or Bucharest cannot be booked online it has to be booked by phone.

Paris to Kiev (Ukraine), Bucharest (Romania) & Istanbul (Turkey)...

Journeys from Paris to Ukraine & Turkey cannot be booked online, they need to be booked by phone.  For Paris to Istanbul, see the Turkey page and ignore the London to Paris part.

Paris to Moscow (Russia)

There is a twice-weekly direct Russian sleeping-car from Paris to Moscow taking 2 nights, see the Russia page for details. You can book this direct sleeper online at www.tgv-europe.com.  Alternatively, you can use the daily Cologne-Moscow sleeping-car (see the Russia page for details), which can also be booked at www.tgv-europe.com.  Once you've booked the Cologne-Moscow sleeper, add it to your basket and still on www.tgv-europe.com click 'another ticket' and book a connecting Thalys train from Paris to Cologne.  Allow at least 90 minutes to connect in Cologne.

 Journeys starting in Brussels & Belgium

 

To check train times & fares within Belgium, use www.b-rail.be.  You can buy tickets easily at the station on the day.

Train journeys wholly within Belgium...

You can check Belgian train times & fares at www.b-rail.be, and buy tickets online.  But  Belgian internal trains don't require seat reservations, you just buy a ticket at the station and hop on, so no need to book in advance.  The price is a kilometric tariff, so the price is the same even if you buy tickets at the station on the day of travel.  However, buying a print-your-own .pdf format ticket online can save time at the ticket office.

Brussels to London from £39...

Book at www.eurostar.com.  There are regular Eurostar trains from Brussels to London, taking just 1 hour 55 minutes or so.  You can print out your own ticket or choose to collect tickets at the station.

Brussels to other UK towns & cities...

You can buy through tickets from Brussels to 130 UK towns & cities including York, Bath, Oxford, Cambridge, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Bristol at  www.eurostar.com, one-way or return in either direction.  However, even if you live in Belgium, you must select 'United Kingdom' as your country of residence on the www.eurostar.com country selection page so that you make the booking in pounds sterling on the UK version of Eurostar's website.  These 130 UK regional destinations will not show up if you select 'France' or 'België' or 'Belgique' as your country of residence (If you don't get offered this country selection when you go to www.eurostar.com, simply select 'tools', 'delete browsing history' on your browser and delete your cookies).  This is apparently because UK train companies won't accept payment in euros, so only the pound-based UK version of the Eurostar site can sell tickets to these UK destinations beyond London.  Or perhaps we just don't want any Belgians visiting York or Bath or anywhere beyond London!  There are no problems in selecting 'United Kingdom' as your country of residence even if you really live in Belgium.

Brussels to Paris & France, from 35 euros...

High-speed Thalys trains trains link Brussels with Paris in just 1h20.  You can book these trains online at www.thalys.com and print out your own ticket or collect tickets at the station in Brussels.  Direct French TGVs also link Brussels with French cities such as Lyon & Marseille, book at the Belgian railways website www.b-europe.com, remembering to select 'international'.

Brussels to Rotterdam & Amsterdam, from 35 euros...

There's a choice of two train services on this route.  1. High-speed Thalys trains link Brussels with Amsterdam in just 1h55.  Reservation is compulsory, fares vary like air fares so you'll find cheap fares if you book in advance and more expensive fares on the day.  You can buy Thalys tickets online at www.thalys.com and print out your own ticket or collect tickets at the station in Brussels.  2. Alternatively, there's an hourly 'normal' InterCity train, no seat reservation necessary, the fare is fixed so it costs the same even on the day of travel, you just buy a ticket and hop on, easy.  However, these trains are not high-speed so take 3 hours.  You can buy a ticket for these InterCity trains at www.b-europe.com or simply buy your ticket at the station on the day.

Brussels to Luxembourg for 35.40 euros...

An hourly InterCity train links Brussels Midi (also known as Brussel Zuid) with Luxembourg.  You can check times and buy tickets online at the Belgian railways website www.b-europe.com, printing out your own ticket.  However, the price doesn't change so it's the same even on the day of travel and no reservation is needed, so it's just as easy to buy a ticket at the station and hop on.

Brussels to Germany from 39 euros:  Cologne, Frankfurt, Berlin, Munich...

There are two types of train between Brussels & Cologne, and you can book both types at www.b-europe.com and print your own ticket or collect it in Brussels.  The majority of departures are high-speed Thalys trains taking 1h55, and you can also book these at www.thalys.com (select 'Belgium - English').  Alternatively, there are four trains a day operated by German Railways with their superb high-speed ICE train which run beyond Cologne to Frankfurt.  You can also book the ICE departures at www.bahn.de.  If you're going from Brussels beyond Cologne to other destinations in Germany, you can book the whole journey at www.bahn.de if you use an ICE train between Brussels & Cologne, but if you want to use a Thalys train you'll need to book in two stages, Brussels-Cologne at www.thalys.com or www.b-europe.com, then Cologne onwards at www.bahn.de.  Allow at least 20 minutes to change trains in Cologne.

Brussels to Austria & Hungary:  Vienna, Innsbruck, Salzburg, Budapest...

Hop on the 16:28 high-speed Thalys train from Brussels Midi to Cologne and take the excellent Austrian railways EuroNight sleeper train overnight from Cologne at 20:05 to Linz & Vienna, arriving at 9am  next morning.  First, book the sleeper train from Cologne to Vienna online at either www.bahn.de or www.oebb.at.  Then book a connecting Brussels-Cologne Thalys train using either www.thalys.com (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) or (if you want the ICE train between Brussels & Cologne) www.bahn.de.  Allow at least 45 minutes in Cologne to make a safe connection.  For Budapest, hop on a morning RailJet train, taking just 3 hours. You can buy this online at www.oebb.at or at the station in Vienna.

You can also travel by daytime trains from Brussels to Salzburg, Innsbruck or Vienna, but follow this advice:  First find your train times for the whole journey by asking the journey planner at www.bahn.de for Brussels to Austria.  Make a note of the trains you want.  Then book the journey in two stages by splitting it at Cologne, for example first book Brussels-Cologne at www.thalys.com, then book a separate journey from Cologne to Austria at www.bahn.de.  This way, you'll benefit from any cheap Belgium-Germany fares on one section and cheap Germany-Austria fares on the other.

Brussels to Switzerland:  Basel, Zurich & beyond...

The three daily direct daytime trains from Brussels to Basel & Zurich can be booked online at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) or the Belgian Railways website www.b-europe.com (tickets collected in Brussels).  There is now no direct sleeper train, but it's possible to use the Cologne-Switzerland sleeper booked at www.bahn.de with a connecting Brussels-Cologne ticket booked at www.raileurope.co.uk or www.thalys.com.  Allow at least 45 minutes in Cologne for connections, and remember that for a one-way trip on Thalys, return fares can be cheaper than one-way fares.

Brussels to Italy from 70 euros:  Milan, Florence, Rome, Verona, Venice

Hop on an afternoon Thalys from Brussels Midi to Paris, change stations in Paris by metro or taxi, then take a direct sleeper train from Paris to Florence, Rome, Milan, Verona or Venice.  You'll find details of these sleeper trains on the London to Italy page, simply substitute any suitable Brussels-Paris connection for the London-Paris Eurostar connections shown on that page.  You can book in two stages.  First book the Paris-Italy sleeper train at www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or can be collected in Paris).  Then book a connecting Thalys train from Brussels to Paris at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) www.thalys.com (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets).  Allow at least 90 minutes in Paris to change trains and stations.

Brussels to Spain from 107 euros with sleeper:  Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, Granada, Alicante...

Take an afternoon high-speed Thalys train from Brussels Midi to Paris (Gare du Nord), change stations in Paris by metro or taxi, then take the trainhotel overnight sleeper train from Paris Gare d'Austerlitz to Madrid or Barcelona with sleepers, restaurant & bar.  You'll need to leave Brussels at around 16:00-16:30 to connect with the Madrid train which leaves Paris at 19:45, or around 17:15 to connect with the Paris-Barcelona train which leaves Paris at 20:32.  Journeys from Brussels to Spain can be booked online in two separate stages: First book the sleeper from Paris to Madrid or Barcelona using either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) or www.renfe.com (for residents of any country, you print out your own ticket) or www.tgv-europe.com (also for residents of any country, tickets collected in Paris, but read this advice on using it).  Then book Brussels to Paris at www.thalys.com (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets) or www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents only).  Onwards tickets from Madrid to Seville, Granada or Malaga or from Barcelona to Valencia or Alicante can be booked online at www.renfe.com, which lets you print your own tickets.  For more information about these trainhotels, including photos inside & out, see the London to Spain page or the trainhotel website www.elipsos.com.  Onward tickets from Madrid to Seville, Cordoba, Malaga, Granada or from Barcelona to Valencia & Alicante can be booked at www.renfe.com The London to Spain page will explain how to transfer from Madrid Chamartin to Madrid Atocha, and what the best onward connections are after you arrive in Madrid or Barcelona by trainhotel, just ignore the London to Paris part of the journey!

Brussels to Portugal from 122 euros:  Lisbon, Porto, Faro

You take a mid-morning Thalys train from Brussels to Paris, change stations in Paris by metro or taxi, then take an afternoon (15:50) TGV from Paris Gare Montparnasse to the Spanish frontier at Irun to connect with the overnight 'Sud Express' trainhotel sleeper train to Lisbon.  Book the Brussels-Paris train at www.thalys.com.  Book the Paris-Irun TGV at either either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or you can pick up tickets at the station in Paris, see this advice on how to use it).  Then use the Spanish railways website www.renfe.com to book the trenhotel from Irun to Lisbon.  You print out your own tickets, see this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com.  For the Algarve, change at Lisbon Oriente for an InterCity train to Faro.  For Porto, alight from the Sud Express at Coimbra B and take a train north to Porto.  You may find the information on the London to Portugal page useful.

Brussels to Prague (Czech Republic), Krakow, Warsaw (Poland) from 62 euros...

Hop on the 18:25 high-speed ICE train from Brussels to Cologne, then the direct sleeper train from Cologne to Prague or Warsaw, leaving at 22:28 and arriving Prague around 09:30 or Warsaw around 10:30 next morning.  Some sleepers on these sleeper trains even have a private shower & toilet.  To buy tickets, first, book the direct overnight sleeper train from Cologne to Prague or Warsaw online at www.bahn.de.  Fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book, bookings normally open 90 days in advance.  The Cologne to Prague sleeper train is a City Night Line train, the Cologne to Warsaw sleeper train is the Polish 'Jan Kiepura' EuroNight train.  Then book a connecting afternoon Brussels-Cologne train using either www.bahn.de (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets, fares from 19 euros if you pre-book) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address).  Allow at least 45 minutes in Cologne to make a safe connection.  Onward tickets from Warsaw to Krakow can easily be bought on arrival in Warsaw.

Brussels to Copenhagen (Denmark) from 62 euros, Brussels to Oslo (Norway) & Stockholm (Sweden)

Hop on the 18:25 high-speed ICE train from Brussels to Cologne, then the direct City Night Line sleeper train from Cologne to Copenhagen, leaving Cologne around 22:28 and arriving in Copenhagen around 10:00 next morning.  Some sleepers on the sleeper train even have a private shower & toilet.  Then take a Swedish X2000 onwards to Stockholm, leaving Copenhagen around 12:37 and arriving around 17:39.  Brussels-Cologne ICE fares start at 19 euros, Cologne-Copenhagen fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book, bookings normally open 90 days in advance.  To buy tickets, first book the City Night Line sleeper train from Cologne to Copenhagen online at www.bahn.de.  You print out your own ticket.  Then book a connecting Brussels-Cologne train using either www.bahn.de (for residents of any country, you print your own tickets) or www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address).  Allow at least 45 minutes in Cologne to make a safe connection.  Onward tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm or Oslo can then be booked online at www.sj.se (no booking fee) or www.bokatag.se (small booking fee) or if you can't get your credit card to work, call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English). Tickets are collected from the SJ ticket machines at Copenhagen main station.

Brussels to Moscow (Russia)

Take a late afternoon Thalys to Cologne.  There is a direct Russian sleeping-car from Cologne to Moscow, leaving at 22:28 and taking 2 nights.  It cannot be booked online, only by phone.  See the London to Russia page for details.

Brussels to Istanbul (Turkey)

See the advice above on travelling from Brussels to Vienna.  In Vienna you can pick up the London-Istanbul route suggested on the London to Turkey page.

 Journeys starting in Amsterdam & the Netherlands

 

To check train times & fares within the Netherlands, use www.ns.nl.  You can buy tickets at the station on the day.

Train journeys wholly within the Netherlands

You can check Dutch train times and fares at www.ns.nl.  Dutch trains don't require seat reservations, you just buy a ticket at the station and hop on, so there's no need to book in advance.  The price is a simple kilometric tariff, so the price is the same even if you buy tickets at the station on the day of travel.  One-way tickets are valid any time that day, just remember to validate them in the little yellow machines on the platform before getting on the train.  Return tickets are twice the price of a one-way and are valid for return by any train the same day.  If you want to come back the next day you'll need two one-ways.  Children under 4 travel free, children 4 to 11 inclusive can buy a 2.50 euro Railrunner ticket giving unlimited travel all over the Netherlands all day, as long as they are accompanied by an adult using a normal ticket.  Incidentally, be warned, Dutch ticket machines are the most useless in Europe, accepting neither credit cards nor bank notes, just coins and Dutch bank cards, so unless you have a wheelbarrow full of euro coins like a character out of the Weimar Republic, you will probably need to buy tickets at the ticket office, where they charge 0.50 euros extra.  You must pay in cash at the ticket office, as Dutch ticket offices don't accept any recognised credit cards.  And you cannot buy tickets at www.ns.nl, even though it at first looks as if you can, because they have no way of accepting any payment as they don't accept MasterCard or Visa there either.  Thankfully, the ticket machines at Amsterdam Centraal now accept MasterCard & Visa for a 1 euro fee, but those at other Dutch stations still don't.  This is a significant problem for travellers to the Netherlands.

Amsterdam to London from £39...

You can travel from Amsterdam to London either by Eurostar via Brussels (5½ hours) or by train+ferry via Hoek van Holland-Harwich (either daytime or overnight with cabin).

Amsterdam-London by train+ferry from £39:  This is the low-cost but high-comfort option, by train from Amsterdam or anywhere in the Netherlands to Hoek van Holland, then across the North Sea on the world's largest superferry to Harwich, then by train on to central London.  There's an overnight service with a private cabin which can save both time and expensive hotel bills, leaving Amsterdam Centraal at 18:59, arriving London Liverpool Street station at 08:48 next morning.  See the London to the Netherlands page for full details.  For one-way or return journeys starting in the Netherlands, you'll need to follow the advice for booking online at Stena Line's Dutch site, www.stenaline.nl.

Amsterdam-London by Eurostar from 50 euros:  This is the high-speed train option, with a range of departures daily taking 4-5 hours from Amsterdam Centraal to London with one easy same-station change of train in Brussels.  You can book a ticket from any Dutch station to London via Eurostar using www.nshispeed.nl, and you print out your own ticket.  Alternatively, buy a Eurostar ticket from Brussels to London online at www.eurostar.com, selecting the option to print out your own ticket at home.  This is automatically valid from any station in Belgium to London.  Then all you need to do is buy an open ticket from Amsterdam to Essen for around 26 euros one-way, 52 euros return (the little Essen in Belgium, not the better-known bigger Essen in Germany).  You can buy this at the station on the day of travel, as no advance reservation is necessary for the hourly intercity trains from Amsterdam to Brussels and the price doesn't change, you just buy a ticket at a fixed price and hop on, and you're now covered for the whole Amsterdam-Brussels InterCity journey, no need to get off at Essen.  This is usually the easiest and cheapest way to book an Amsterdam-London train journey.

Amsterdam to Paris & France, from 35 euros...

High-speed Thalys trains run every few hours  from Amsterdam & Rotterdam to Paris in just 3h20, city centre to city centre, faster than flying.  Anyone from any country can book these trains online at www.thalys.com and print out your own ticket.  Onward trains within France can then be booked using the French railways website www.tgv-europe.com, with ticket collection in Paris or tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA.  Alternatively, UK residents can also use www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address) for booking both Amsterdam-Paris and onward trains within France.

Amsterdam to Brussels & Belgium, from 35 euros...

There's a choice of two train services on this route.  Regular high-speed Thalys trains link Amsterdam with Brussels in just 1h55.  Reservation is compulsory, fares vary like air fares so you'll find cheap fares if you book in advance and more expensive fares on the day.  You can buy Thalys tickets online at www.thalys.com and print out your own ticket.  Alternatively, there's an hourly 'normal' InterCity train, no seat reservation necessary, the fare is fixed so it costs the same even on the day of travel, you just buy a ticket and hop on, easy.  However, these trains are not high-speed so take 3 hours.  You can buy a ticket for these InterCity trains at the station on the day or buy a print-at-home ticket at the Dutch railways site www.nshispeed.nl, or if that doesn't work for you, you can also buy them at the Belgian railway site, www.b-europe.com.

Amsterdam to Luxembourg for 60 euros any time, any day...

There are regular trains from the Netherlands to Luxembourg. No advance reservation is necessary, check times and prices at www.nshispeed.nl and buy online, or simply buy at the station.

Amsterdam to Basel, Zurich & Switzerland from 43 euros...

There is an excellent City Night Line sleeper train direct from Amsterdam Centraal to Basel & Zurich in Switzerland, leaving around 20:30 and arriving in Zurich around 08:20 next morning.  The train has couchettes (4 & 6-bunk) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed rooms, some with private shower & toilet, breakfast included).  You can easily book this train at the German Railways website www.bahn.de, fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book.  Bookings normally open 90 days in advance, you pay by credit card and simply print out your own ticket.  Onward tickets from Basel or Zurich to any station in Switzerland can be bought on board the sleeper train, for about 29 euros each way (ask your sleeper attendant for a Swiss connection ticket).

Alternatively, you can travel from Amsterdam to Switzerland by daytime train.  You can buy tickets from Amsterdam to major Swiss cities at the German railways website www.bahn.de, but follow this advice:  First find your train times for the whole journey by asking the journey planner for Amsterdam to Switzerland, and make a note of the trains you want.  Then book the journey in two stages by splitting it at a key interchange point within Germany, for example first book Amsterdam-Cologne from 19 euros, then book a separate journey from Cologne to Zurich from 29 euros.  This way, you'll benefit from any cheap Netherlands-Germany fares on one section and cheap Germany-Switzerland fares on the other, whereas if you book all in one go only expensive full fares will be shown as this is not a journey starting or ending in Germany (remember, it's the German Railways website that you're using!).

Amsterdam to Italy from 69 euros:  Milan, Florence, Rome, Venice

There are no direct trains from Amsterdam to Italy.  However, there is an excellent overnight City Night Line sleeper train from Amsterdam Centraal to Basel & Zurich in Switzerland, leaving around 20:30 and arriving in Zurich around 08:20 next morning.  It has couchettes (basic sleeping berths in 4 & 6-bunk compartments) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed rooms, some with private shower & toilet, breakfast included), with fares starting at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book.  You can then take an onward train through the scenic Swiss Alps to Milan, changing at Milan's amazing Centrale station for high-speed trains to Rome, Florence or Venice.  Zurich to Milan start at just CHF30-45 (about 20-30 euros) if you pre-book.  First book the sleeper train from Amsterdam to either Basel or Zurich (either works, it's your decision) at the German Railways website www.bahn.de.  You pay by credit card and print out your own ticket.  Then go to www.sbb.ch and book an onward ticket from Basel or Zurich to Milan, collecting tickets at the station in Basel or Zurich.  Allow at least 45 minutes to change trains in Basel or Zurich.  Onward tickets from Milan to anywhere in Italy can be bought online at the Italian railways website, www.trenitalia.com, see this advice on using it.

Amsterdam to Spain from 107 euros with sleeper: Madrid, Barcelona, Malaga, Seville, Alicante

Take a mid-afternoon Thalys high-speed train from Amsterdam to Paris Gare du Nord in just 3 hours 20 minutes, cross Paris by metro or taxi, then take one of the excellent overnight 'trainhotel' sleeper trains from Paris Gare d'Austerlitz to Madrid or Barcelona, leaving in the evening and arriving next morning.  For more information about the trainhotels with photos inside & out, see the London to Spain page.  Journeys from the Netherlands to Spain can be booked online in two stages - I suggest doing a dry run first on both sites to check prices & availability:  First book the overnight trainhotel from Paris to Barcelona or Madrid using either the Spanish railways website www.renfe.com (for anyone from any country, you simply print out your own ticket) or the French railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for anyone from any country, tickets collected at the station in Paris, but see this advice on using it as it's quirky) or www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents only, tickets sent to UK addresses or collected at the station in Paris).  Then book a connecting Thalys train from Amsterdam to Paris at www.thalys.com (for anyone from any country, you simply print your own ticket) or www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents only, tickets sent to any UK address), allowing at least 90 minutes to change trains and stations in Paris.  Onwards tickets from Madrid to destinations such as Seville, Malaga or Granada, or from Barcelona to Valencia or Alicante can be booked separately at www.renfe.comYou may find this advice on using renfe.com helpful.

Amsterdam to Portugal from 122 euros:  Lisbon, Porto, Faro

You take a morning Thalys train from Amsterdam to Paris, change stations in Paris, then take an afternoon (15:50) TGV from Paris Gare Montparnasse to the Spanish frontier at Irun to connect with the overnight 'Sud Express' trainhotel sleeper train to Lisbon.  Book the Amsterdam-Paris train at www.thalys.com.  Book the Paris-Irun TGV at either either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, or you can collect tickets at the station in Paris).  The booking system at tgv-europe.com has quite a few quirks, so before booking, see this advice on how to use it.  Then use the Spanish railways website www.renfe.com to book the trenhotel from Irun to Lisbon.  You print out your own tickets, see this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com.  For the Algarve, change at Lisbon Oriente for an InterCity train to Faro.  For Porto, alight from the Sud Express at Coimbra B and take a train north to Porto.

Amsterdam to Germany from 19 euros:  Berlin, Hanover, Frankfurt, Cologne, Munich

There are regular high-speed ICE trains from Amsterdam to Düsseldorf (2h12), Cologne (2h38) and Frankfurt (3h56), and InterCity trains from Amsterdam to Hanover & Berlin (6h22), with fares from just 19 euros to Cologne, 39 euros to Berlin.  There's also a daily City Night Line sleeper train from Amsterdam to Munich leaving Amsterdam Centraal around 20:30 arriving Munich at 07:16 next morning, fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book.  The easiest way to book all these trains is at the German Railways website www.bahn.de.  Bookings normally open 90 days in advance, you pay by credit card and simply print out your own ticket.  Fares from Amsterdam to Germany start at just 19 euros.

Amsterdam to Austria from 48 euros:  Vienna, Salzburg, Linz, Innsbruck

For Amsterdam to Vienna, the most time-effective option is with an overnight sleeper!  First book the Cologne-Vienna sleeper train leaving Cologne around 20:05 using either the German railways website www.bahn.de or the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at.  You print out your own ticket.  Fares start at just 29 euros with a seat, 39 euros in a couchette, or 69 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, if you pre-book (check both sites - the Austrian site may be cheaper!).  Bookings normally open 90 days in advance, you pay by credit card and simply print out your own ticket.  Then book a connecting Amsterdam-Cologne ICE train using www.bahn.de with fares from just 19 euros.  Allow at least 45 minutes in Cologne between trains. 

For Amsterdam to Innsbruck or Salzburg, first book the Amsterdam-Munich City Night Line sleeper train using www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket.  Fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, if you pre-book.  Then use www.bahn.de again to book a connecting train from Munich to Salzburg, Linz, Innsbruck or Vienna from 19 euros to Salzburg or Innsbruck, 29 euros to Vienna, allowing at least 45 minutes to change trains in Munich.

Daytime travel from Amsterdam to Austria (via Cologne, with several changes) can be booked at www.bahn.de, but follow this advice:  First find your train times for the whole journey by asking the journey planner for Amsterdam to Vienna, and make a note of the trains you want.  Then book the journey in two stages by splitting it at a key interchange point within Germany, for example first book Amsterdam-Frankfurt, then book a separate journey from Frankfurt to Vienna.  This way, you'll benefit from any cheap Netherlands-Germany fares from 19 euros on one section and cheap Germany-Austria fares from 29 euros on the other, whereas if you book all in one go only expensive full fares will be shown as this is not a journey starting or ending in Germany (remember, it's the German Railways website that you're using!).

Amsterdam to Prague (Czech Republic) from 43 euros...

There is an excellent City Night Line sleeper train from Amsterdam to Prague every night.  Leave central Amsterdam at 19:01, arrive in Prague city centre at 09.30 next morning!  The train has couchettes (simple sleeping berths in 4 & 6-bunk compartments) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed rooms, some with private shower & toilet, breakfast included).  Fares start at just 43 euros with a seat, 59 euros in a couchette, or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book, bookings normally open 90 days in advance.  You can easily buy tickets for this sleeper train online at the German Railways sleeper train website, www.bahn.de.  You pay by credit card and simply print out your own ticket. Easy, and it saves a hotel bill too!

Amsterdam to Warsaw, Krakow (Poland) from 29 euros...

You can take the excellent direct Jan Kiepura sleeper train from Amsterdam to Warsaw, leaving Amsterdam Centraal at 19:01 and arriving in Warsaw around 10:25 next morning.  It has reclining seats, economical couchettes (4 & 6 berth compartments) and comfortable sleeping-cars (1, 2 & 3 berth compartments, including some deluxe sleepers with private shower & toilet).  You can book it online at www.bahn.de and print out your own ticket.  Onward tickets from Warsaw to Krakow can be bought on arrival in Warsaw.

Amsterdam to Budapest (Hungary) from 68 euros...

Option 1 is to leave Amsterdam around 12:30, change in Frankfurt to arrive Munich in the evening, fares from 29 euros.  Then take the sleeper 'Kalman Imre' overnight from Munich to Budapest arriving next morning, fares from 39 euros with couchette.  First book the sleeper from Munich to Budapest using www.bahn.de.  Then book a connecting Amsterdam-Munich journey also using www.bahn.de.  Allow at least an hour to change trains in Munich.  Option 2 is to take the overnight Amsterdam-Munich City Night Line sleeper train, leaving Amsterdam around 20:30 and arriving around 07:16, easily booked at www.bahn.de with fares from 59 euros including a couchette.  Then use www.bahn.de again to book the excellent Railjet train from Munich around 09:27 to Budapest arriving around 16:49, with fares from 39 euros. You print out your own tickets.

Amsterdam to Copenhagen (Denmark) from 43 euros, Amsterdam to Oslo (Norway) & Stockholm (Sweden)

There is an excellent City Night Line sleeper trains direct from Amsterdam to Copenhagen, with connections for Oslo & Stockholm.  Leave central Amsterdam at 19:01, arrive in Copenhagen just after 10:00 next morning.  All these trains have couchettes (4 & 6-bunk) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed rooms, some with private shower & toilet, breakfast included, with fares from just 59 euros including a couchette if you pre-book.  You can easily book this sleeper train at the German Railways sleeper train website, www.bahn.de.  You pay by credit card and simply print out your own ticket.  Connecting tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm & Oslo can be booked online at www.sj.se (no booking fee) or www.bokatag.se (small booking fee) or if you can't get your credit card to work, call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English). Tickets are collected from the SJ ticket machines at Copenhagen main station.  Allow at least 1 hour to change trains in Copenhagen.

Amsterdam to Moscow (Russia)

There is a direct Russian sleeping-car from Amsterdam to Moscow every day, leaving Amsterdam Centraal at 19:01 and taking 2 nights.  It can be booked online at www.tgv-europe.com with tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA.

Amsterdam to Istanbul (Turkey)

See the advice above on travelling from Amsterdam to either Vienna or Budapest.  In Vienna or Budapest you pick up the London-Istanbul route suggested on the London to Turkey page.

 Journeys starting in Switzerland

 

To check train times & fares within Switzerland, use www.sbb.ch.

Train journeys wholly within Switzerland

You can check fares and train times at www.sbb.ch, and buy tickets online.  However, apart from a few tourist trains such as the Glacier Express, Swiss trains don't require seat reservations, you just buy a ticket at the station and hop on, so no need to book in advance.  The price is a kilometric tariff, so the price is the same even if you buy tickets at the station on the day of travel.

Switzerland to London from 74 euros...

See the London to Switzerland page for more information and Switzerland-London train times.  You can book from anywhere in Switzerland to Paris using www.sbb.ch (residents of any country, ticket collection at Swiss stations or in many cases self-print), then book a connecting Paris-London Eurostar ticket at www.eurostar.com, allowing at least 1 hour to cross Paris.

Switzerland to Paris from 29 euros...

There are direct high-speed TGV trains from Switzerland to Paris, for example Geneva to Paris 3 hours 10 minutes, Zurich to Paris 4½ hours.  You can book Switzerland to Paris journeys at either www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA, see this advice before using it).

Switzerland to Italy from CHF34 (£18)

There are daytime EuroCity trains from key Swiss cities to Milan (with an occasional through service to Venice), although sleeper trains from Basel, Geneva, Bern & Zurich to Rome ceased running in December 2009.  Switzerland-Italy journeys can be booked at www.sbb.ch (residents of any country, ticket collection at Swiss stations), www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents), www.raileurope.com (US/Canadian residents), and www.raileurope.com.au (Australian residents), www.raileurope-world.com (New Zealand, Asia, Africa & South America).  You may need to book onward connections within Italy separately at www.trenitalia.com, but see this advice on using itWarning:  Trenitalia.com will also book Switzerland to Italy trains, but ticket collection is only at Italian stations or by post to Italian addresses, you cannot self-print or collect in Switzerland, so it's no good for buying tickets in this direction.

Switzerland to Amsterdam, Berlin, Hamburg, Cologne, Copenhagen from 43 euros...

There are excellent City Night Line sleeper trains from Zurich or Basel direct to Amsterdam, Berlin, Hamburg, Cologne & Copenhagen, with couchettes (6 & 4 bunk) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed, some with private shower & toilet, breakfast included).  You can easily book these using www.bahn.de, look for the direct 'CNL' service with 0 changes.  You simply print out your own ticket.  Fares from 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette, 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.  Onward tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm & Oslo can be booked online at www.sj.se (no booking fee) or www.bokatag.se (small booking fee) or if you can't get your credit card to work, call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English). Tickets are collected from the SJ ticket machines at Copenhagen main station.

Switzerland to Germany from 39 euros...

The German Railways website www.bahn.de can book many journeys from Switzerland to Germany, for example St Moritz to Munich or Zurich to Frankfurt or Berlin.

Switzerland to Austria from CHF35 (25 euros)...

There is a direct sleeper train from Zurich to Vienna, with both couchettes and sleeping-cars, some sleepers with private shower and toilet.  It appears to be bookable in either direction using the Austrian Railways website, www.oebb.at, as you simply print out your own ticket in .PDF format.  Simply click 'English' top right, then click 'International tickets', then make your booking.  If you manage to book this train this way, let me know!  Daytime EuroCity trains from Zurich to Innsbruck, Salzburg & Vienna via the amazingly scenic Arlberg Pass cannot easily be booked online, but must be booked by phone, although residents of the USA & Canada may be able to book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians at www.raileurope.com.au.

Switzerland to Spain from 72 euros with sleeper...

There's an excellent Elipsos 'trainhotel' from Zurich, Bern & Geneva to Barcelona in Spain, with cosy sleepers, restaurant car & bar.  It runs 3 times a week all year round, leaving Switzerland on Monday, Wednesday, Friday evenings arriving Barcelona next morning.  The Gran Clase sleepers even have a private shower & toilet, and the Gran Clase fare includes a 3-course dinner with wine and breakfast.  Change in Barcelona for Madrid, Valencia, Alicante.  Anyone from any country can book this train at www.renfe.com, and you simply print out your own ticket.  UK residents can book this train at www.raileurope.co.uk.  Residents of the USA & Canada can book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au.

Switzerland to eastern Europe

There's a direct City Night Line sleeper train from Basel to Prague which you can easily book online at www.bahn.de, you pay online and print out your own ticket.  Other trains to eastern Europe are not generally bookable online, but must be booked by phone.

 Journeys starting in Italy

  The best trains in Italy:  A Eurostar Italia ETR500 power car

To buy train tickets within Italy, use www.trenitalia.com, but see this advice first!

Train journeys wholly within Italy

You can book Italian train tickets online at www.trenitalia.com, but first see this advice on using it.  Seat reservation is now required on most long-distance trains (and included in tickets bought online), although outside busy holiday periods it's easy to buy tickets at the station on the day of travel if you want.  However, cheap 'Mini' fares are now available if you pre-book, and booking online offers a hassle-free 'ticketless' option on most fast trains, where you book and pay online and simply quote your booking reference to the conductor on board the train.  It's painless and works a treat, with no need to queue at the ticket office.  See this advice on using the trenitalia website, and if you have any problems, buy your Italian train tickets from either www.raileurope.co.uk (if you're in the UK, but not all Italian trains featured), www.raileurope.com (if you're in the USA), www.raileurope.ca (if you're in Canada) or www.raileurope.com.au (if you're in Australia), or www.raileurope-world.com (if you live in New Zealand, Africa, Asia or South America).

Italy to France:  Paris, Nice, Monte Carlo,

Venice, Verona or Milan to Paris by Thello sleeper train:  There is a direct 'Thello' sleeper train with couchettes (6 & 4 bunk) and sleepers (1, 2 & 3 bed) from Venice, Verona & Milan to Paris, also 3 daytime TGV trains from Milan & Turin to Paris (7 hours).  Leave Venice 19:57, arrive Paris 09.30 or so next morning!  See the Thello sleeper train page and the London to Italy page for more information about times, fares and on board accommodation.  You should book this sleeper train at either the Italian railways website, www.trenitalia.com (read this advice on using it) or you can book it at www.thello.com.  Look for 'smart', 'Go' or 'Depart' fares as these are the advance-purchase cheap deals.  It's 'ticketless', you simply quote your booking reference on board.  Note that there won't be any Rome-Florence-Paris sleeper train from 11 December 2011 until June 2012, see here for the reasons.

Milan or Turin to Paris on one of 3 daytime TGV trains:  Three daily French railways TGVs link Milan (Porto Garibaldi station) and Turin with Paris.  You must now book these in either direction at www.raileurope.co.uk (UK residents) or www.tgv-europe.com, with self-print tickets.  You can no longer buy tickets at the Italian railways website or at Italian stations as from December 2011 they are operated entirely by French railways with no Trenitalia involvement.  Connections from other Italians cities to Milan or Turin should be booked at www.trenitalia.com.

Italy to Monaco or Nice:  For journeys from Rome, Florence, Venice or anywhere in Italy to Nice or Monte Carlo, try booking to Nice first using www.trenitalia.com, read this advice on using the Trenitalia website.  It will probably fail to find prices or sell tickets to Nice, but here's an easy solution:  Use www.trenitalia.com to book from anywhere in Italy to Ventimiglia, which is the border station where most Italian trains terminate.  Look for a cheap 'Mini' fare, or to stay flexible, a 'Base' fare.  Ventimiglia is a short hop by frequent local train to Nice, simply buy a ticket for the half-hourly local train to Nice at the station when you get to Ventimiglia, no reservation necessary, it costs about 5 euros and you simply hop on the next train.

Italy to London, Brussels, Amsterdam, Cologne...

First, book the sleeper train from Venice, Rome, Florence, Bologna, Milan to Paris at www.trenitalia.com (See the London to Italy page for more information about times, fares and on board accommodation), or a Milan to Paris TGV, but read this advice on using the Trenitalia website.  Look for 'Smart price' fares.  Allow at least 90 minutes to change trains and stations in Paris, preferably a bit more.  Then book your onward train from Paris to London at www.eurostar.com, or from Paris to Brussels or Amsterdam at www.thalys.com.  For Amsterdam, you can also book daytime trains from anywhere in Italy to Basel at www.trenitalia.com, allowing plenty of time for connections, then book the Basel to Amsterdam City Night Line sleeper train at www.bahn.de.  This is actually easier if you start with the sleeper train, then work backwards to find a connection that gets you to Basel at least an hour before departure.

Italy to Spain from 72 euros including sleeper...

There's an excellent Elipsos 'trainhotel' from Milan & Turin to Barcelona in Spain, with cosy sleepers, restaurant & bar.  It runs 3 times a week all year round, on Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays from Milan.  Change in Barcelona for Madrid, Valencia, Alicante.  The Gran Clase sleepers even have en suite shower & toilet, and the Gran Clase fare includes dinner and breakfast.  Anyone from any country can book this train at www.renfe.com, and you print out your own ticket.  UK residents can also book this train at www.raileurope.co.uk.  Residents of the USA & Canada can book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au.

Italy to Germany from 39 euros...

The German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right) can book the sleeper trains from Rome & Florence to Munich, and from Venice to Munich.  It can also book the daytime trains Verona-Munich, one of which per day starts in Milan and one in Venice.  You print out your own ticket in .pdf format. 

www.trenitalia.com can also book the sleeper trains from Rome, Florence or Venice to Munich (as it runs these jointly with the Germans, look for 'smart price' in the 'More fares' drop down box), but it cannot now book the Verona-Innsbruck-Munich EuroCity trains (or journeys from other Italian cities to Germany via these trains) as these trains are now operated by the Germans and Austrians in open competition with Trenitalia, and Trenitalia no longer recognises their existence (congratulations to the EU, by the way, whose 'competition' policy has brought this fragmentation about!).  So a daytime journey from Venice, Milan, Rome or Florence to Munich now needs to be booked in two stages, first using www.trenitalia.com to book the Venice, Florence, Rome or Milan to Verona train, allowing at least 40 minutes to change in Verona, then use www.bahn.de to book Verona-Munich.  There is in fact one daily through train from Venice to Munich, around 13:34 and a good one to take, which can be booked in one go at www.bahn.de.

Journeys from Italy via Switzerland to Frankfurt & Cologne can be booked using www.trenitalia.com for Milan-Basel, then www.bahn.de for Basel SBB to Frankfurt or Cologne.

Italy to Innsbruck, Salzburg & Vienna, from 39 euros...

There's a direct sleeper trains from Rome & Florence to Vienna and another sleeper train from Venice to Salzburg & Vienna.  These can be booked online at www.trenitalia.com, look for the direct train with 0 changes in the search results.  Select the train you want, and on the next page change the drop-down box marked 'More fares' to 'smart price', a cheap advance-purchase fare.  Remember to select the type of couchette or sleeper you want.  'Double seat compartment' actually means 2-bed sleeper!  You collect tickets at any Italian station.  See this advice on using the Trenitalia website.  A word of warning:  The Austrian railways website oebb.at will also book these sleeper trains from Italy to Austria, but even though it offers self-print tickets these must be endorsed by an Austrian conductor on an outward journey from Austria in order to be valid.  In other words, don't use oebb.at to book one way tickets for these sleeper trains from Italy to Austria.

The daytime service from Venice to Vienna can be booked at the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at.  However, travelling this route by daytime train now involves taking a bus from Venice to the Austrian border.  The reason is that Trenitalia pulled out of this service a few years ago, forcing Austrian railways to lay on a bus between Venice and Villach, in connection with its own domestic trains from Villach to Vienna, even though there's a perfectly serviceable railway all the way from Venice!  Personally, I'd avoid the bus and stick with trains all the way going via Verona and Innsbruck, using the excellent German/Austrian EuroCity trains with proper restaurant cars, which travel up the scenic Brenner Pass, see the paragraph below.

The daytime EuroCity trains from Venice & Verona to Innsbruck via the scenic Brenner Pass can be booked at the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at.  You can book through to Salzburg or Vienna via this route if you put 'Innsbruck' in the 'via' box, to avoid it showing the more direct route which sadly now involves a bus, as explained in the paragraph above. The Verona to Innsbruck trains are now run by the Germans and Austrians in their own right, with no Trenitalia involvement, so they don't show up at all on trenitalia.com and cannot be booked by Trenitalia, even at the station.  If you're coming from Venice, there is one direct train a day leaving Venice around 13:34, this can be booked at www.oebb.at.  Other journeys from Venice to Austria involve a change at Verona, and you'll need to book Verona to Innsbruck at www.oebb.at, then add a connecting Venice to Verona ticket at www.trenitalia.com, allowing at least 40 minutes to change at Verona. 

Italy to Switzerland, Prague, Zagreb, Budapest from 39 euros...

www.trenitalia.com, can book international trains from major cities in Italy to Switzerland, also the sleeper trains from from Venice to Zagreb & Budapest.  But first, see this advice on using the Trenitalia website.  Look for 'smart price' fares as these are the advance-purchase cheap deals.  Tickets can be picked up at any main station in Italy (ideal for people living outside Italy), or posted to any Italian address. 

Trenitalia.com sometimes struggles with overseas credit cards, so if it does try calling your bank to un-block the Trenitalia website, or buy Italian international tickets from www.raileurope.co.uk (if you're in the UK, best prices but not all Italian trains featured), www.raileurope.com (if you're in the USA), www.raileurope.ca (if you're in Canada) or www.raileurope.com.au (if you're in Australia), or www.raileurope-world.com (if you live in New Zealand, Asia, Africa or South America).  Note that the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at cannot be used to book the sleeper trains from Italy to Austria, because although it can book them in either direction with print-your-own ticketing, because of annoying regulations imposed by the Italians, inward sleeper train tickets to Austria are only valid if they have been stamped by the conductor on an outward journey from Austria.

Italy to Ljubljana in Slovenia

There's now only one train a day across the frontier from Venice to Ljubljana, a sleeper train passing through Ljubljana at 2am.  However, there's a clever way to travel between Venice or Trieste and Ljubljana that's cheap, relatively frequent (every hour or two), interesting & scenic.  See here for details.

 Journeys starting in Spain

 

To buy train tickets within Spain, use www.renfe.com but see this advice first.  Or use www.raileurope-world.com.

Train journeys wholly within Spain

You can book almost any long distance train in Spain online at www.renfe.com, with cheap 'Web' and 'Estrella' fares shown and no booking or postage fees, you simply print out your own ticket.  However, see this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com first.  It can't handle journeys involving a change of train, so for example Bilbao to Seville changing in Madrid will need to be booked as Bilbao-Madrid then Madrid-Seville. 

If you have any difficulty using renfe.com, use the Rail Europe 'world' website www.raileurope-world.com.  Rail Europe's 'world' website (but not yet their UK one) has been linked directly to the Renfe ticketing system so it can sell Spanish train tickets painlessly at the same prices as Renfe.com, including the cheap 'web' and 'estrella' fares, with just a 4 euro booking fee and no problems with credit card acceptance.  Anyone from any country worldwide, including the UK, most of Europe, United States, Canada, Australia, Asia and Africa can use this system, with payment in euros and print-at-home tickets.  Booking tips:   'Second class' means 'Turista', 'First class' means 'Preferente', it cannot book Club class.  If you live in the UK, you'll find the UK is listed as 'England', 'Scotland' & 'Wales'!  Feedback if you use their site would be appreciated.

Spain to Paris from 72 euros including sleeper...

There are excellent 'Elipsos trainhotels' from Barcelona (depart 21:00) to Paris (arrive 09:00) and from Madrid (depart 19:00) to Paris (arrive around 08:30).  They have cosy sleepers, an elegant restaurant and a cafe-bar.  The Gran Clase sleepers even have a private shower & toilet and the gran clase fare includes a 3 course dinner with wine, coffee and liqueurs plus breakfast.

UK residents to buy tickets from Madrid or Barcelona to Paris is using www.raileurope.co.uk, and after booking this you can add it to your basket, click 'continue shopping' and add a Eurostar ticket from Paris to London as part of the same transaction.  Allow at least 90 minutes to change trains & stations in Paris.

Residents of any country can use the Spanish Railways website www.renfe.com to buy tickets for the Madrid or Barcelona to Paris trainhotels, and you simply print out your own ticket, with no postage or booking fee, and all the cheap fares shown if available.  However, see this step-by-step guide to using renfe.com first.

You can book any connecting trains within Spain (for example, Malaga to Madrid, or Alicante to Barcelona) at www.renfe.com

Spain to Montpelier, Marseille, Nice...

Try booking at www.raileurope.co.uk or www.tgv-europe.com.  If it struggles with (for example) Barcelona-Nice, try booking Barcelona-Montpellier on one of the direct trains first, then click 'add another ticket' and book a connecting Montpellier-Nice train.  Creative thinking may be required!

Spain to London from 117 euros...

See the London to Spain page for details.

Spain to Switzerland & Spain to Italy, from 72 euros...

There's an excellent Elipsos 'trainhotel' from Barcelona to Bern & Zurich in Switzerland (change in Zurich for Innsbruck, Salzburg, Vienna) and from Barcelona to Turin & Milan (change for Rome, Florence, Venice).  It runs 3 times a week all year round, leaving Barcelona on Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday evenings, arriving in Switzerland & Italy next morning.  It has reclining seats, sleepers (including some 'gran clase' with private shower), restaurant and bar.  The Gran Clase fare includes a 3-course dinner with wine and breakfast.  Several websites will book these trains:  Anyone from any country can book this train at www.renfe.com, with cheap fares usually available, and you print out your own ticket.  UK residents can also book this train at www.raileurope.co.uk.  Residents of the USA & Canada can book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au.

Spain to Portugal:  Madrid to Lisbon from 49.95 euros...

There's an excellent 'trainhotel' sleeper train from Madrid to Lisbon, with sleepers, reclining seats, restaurant & bar.  Residents of any country can book this train at www.renfe.com (see advice on using renfe.com), and this is now the cheapest way to buy tickets for this train, as cheap fares are often available which are not shown on other websites, and there are no booking fees or postage fees, you simply print out your own ticket.  Alternatively, UK residents can book this train online at www.raileurope.co.uk, which can be easier to use, just select Madrid to Lisbon with an evening departure.  Residents of the USA & Canada can book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au www.tgv-europe.com can also book this train, with tickets sent to most countries worldwide except the USA (make sure you select a sleeper not a seat after choosing a price).

There's no rail link from southern Spain into the Algarve, but there are Seville-Faro buses several times daily, see www.alsa.es.

Spain to Brussels, Amsterdam & Cologne from 107 euros...

Take the excellent Elipsos trainhotel from Madrid or Barcelona to Paris, see the Spain to Paris section above.  Onward tickets from Paris to Amsterdam, Brussels or Cologne can be bought at www.tgv-europe.com, with ticket collection in Paris or tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA (see advice on using tgv-europe.com).  Allow at least 90 minutes to change trains & stations in Paris.

 Journeys starting in Portugal

Trains wholly within Portugal...

www.cp.pt allows online booking of Lisbon-Porto and Lisbon-Algarve trains.

Lisbon to Madrid from 49.95 euros......

There's an excellent 'trainhotel' sleeper train Lisbon to Madrid, with sleepers (some 'gran clase' with private shower & toilet), reclining seats, restaurant & bar.  Residents of any country can book this train at www.renfe.com (but first see this advice on using renfe.com), and this is now the cheapest way to buy tickets for this train, as cheap 'Web' & 'Estrella' advance-purchase fares are often available which are not shown on other websites, and there are no booking fees or postage fees, you simply print out your own ticket.  Alternatively, UK residents can book this train online at www.raileurope.co.uk, which can be easier to use, just select Lisbon to Madrid with an evening departure.  Residents of the USA & Canada can book this train online using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au.  Residents of any country except the USA can also use www.tgv-europe.com to book the Lisbon to Madrid sleeper train, with tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA (make sure you select a sleeper not a seat after choosing a price).

There's no rail link from the Algarve into southern Spain, but there are Faro-Seville buses several times daily, see www.alsa.es.

Lisbon to Paris & London...

See the London to Portugal page for details.

 Journeys starting in Germany

 

To buy train tickets within & from Germany, use www.bahn.de.

Train journeys wholly within Germany

www.bahn.de will book all German long-distance daytime trains and City Night Line overnight sleeper trains.  Seat reservation is optional on most German long-distance trains, compulsory on overnight sleepers, but there are some great advance-purchase fares if you book in advance, so pre-booking is recommended.  Tickets sent to any address or in some cases you can print your own tickets.

Germany to London from 49 euros...

See the London to Germany page for train times and more information.  the German railways website www.bahn.de (English button at the top) can sell 'London Spezial' tickets from anywhere in Germany to London from 49 euros, you simply print out your own tickets.

Germany to Paris from 39 euros...

www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA) can book the direct international daytime trains from Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart & Munich to Paris, also the sleeper trains from Munich, Berlin & Hamburg to Paris.  The German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right) can also book sleeper trains between Berlin, Hamburg, Munich or Stuttgart and Paris.  You just print out your own ticket.

Germany to Amsterdam, Brussels, Austria, Italy, Denmark, Switzerland, Poland, Prague, Ljubljana, Zagreb (by daytime trains)

The German railways website, www.bahn.de can book tickets for many direct international daytime trains starting in Germany.  Top tip for Germany-Prague:  If booking from (say) Cologne or Frankfurt to Prague, www.bahn.de has an annoying habit of only suggesting journeys via the awful railway-run bus from Nuremberg to Prague, which of course you don't want.  Put 'Dresden' in the 'via' box to force it to find options by train.

Germany to Italy, Switzerland, Poland, Prague (by direct sleeper train) from 43 euros...

The German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right) can book the excellent City Night Line sleeper trains from Cologne or Dusseldorf to Prague, Copenhagen, Warsaw, from Munich to Venice, Florence & Rome, and from Cologne to Zurich.  Fares from 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.  Booking normally opens 90 days in advance and you simply print out your own ticket.  Onward tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm & Oslo can be booked online at www.sj.se (no booking fee) or www.bokatag.se (small booking fee) or if you can't get your credit card to work, call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English). Tickets are collected from the SJ ticket machines at Copenhagen main station.

Germany to Vienna & Linz (by sleeper train)...

The excellent EuroNight sleeper train from Cologne & Frankfurt to Vienna can be booked online using the German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right, you print out your own tickets) or www.oebb.at.  Fares start at 29 euros in a seat, 39 euros with a couchette or 69 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, if you pre-book, maximum 90 days ahead.  The Austrian Railways website www.oebb.at can also book this train.  You book online and print out your own ticket.  Check both sites - the Austrian site may be cheaper!

Germany to Italy from 39 euros...

There's an excellent City Night Line sleeper train from Munich (depart 21:02) to Venice, Florence & Rome.  Book it online at www.bahn.de.  You can book direct from anywhere in Germany to Venice, Florence or Rome using this train at www.bahn.de, no need to buy separate ticket to Munich.  www.bahn.de will also book daytime trains from anywhere in Germany to Verona in Italy.  This is as far as most German trains go, so bahn.de can't book beyond Verona, so use it to book from anywhere in Germany to Verona, allow at least 45 minutes to change trains, then buy an onward ticket from Verona to Florence, Venice or Rome at www.trenitalia.com.

Germany to Spain...

www.raileurope.co.uk (for UK residents, tickets sent to any UK address) or the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com (for residents of any country, tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA) can book the Paris-Madrid & Paris-Barcelona overnight 'trainhotels'.  As a separate transaction, it can then book a connecting Thalys train from Cologne to Paris. 

You can also travel Munich-Zurich by daytime train then by trainhotel overnight from Zurich to Barcelona (which runs 3 times a week), booking the first train at www.bahn.de and the sleeper train at www.renfe.com.  Allow at least 90 minutes in Zurich to connect.

Germany to Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland...

Direct trains link Hamburg with Copenhagen, book at www.bahn.de.  There's an excellent City Night Line sleeper train from Cologne to Copenhagen, with onward connections for Oslo and Stockholm, you'll find more information on the Sweden page (just ignore the London-Cologne bit!).  Book it online at www.bahn.de, looking for the direct CNL train with 0 changes.  Book your onward tickets from Copenhagen to Stockholm or Oslo at www.sj.se.  For Finland, you'll find ferries the best bet from Travemünde or Rostock in Germany to Helsinki, see www.finnlines.com.

Germany to Moscow (Russia)...

There is a direct Russian sleeping-car from Cologne to Moscow every day, leaving Cologne around 10pm and taking 2 nights.  It can be booked online at www.tgv-europe.com with tickets sent to any address worldwide except the USA.  However, the direct trains from Berlin to Moscow & St Petersburg cannot be booked online, only by phone to Deutsche Bahn.

Germany to Istanbul (Turkey)

You can pick up the London-Istanbul route suggested on the London to Turkey page in Munich.  This journey cannot be booked online, only by phone.

 Journeys starting in Austria

 

To check train times & fares in Austria, see www.oebb.at.

Train journeys wholly within Austria...

www.oebb.at.  Seat reservation is optional on most Austrian internal trains, so there's little advantage in pre-booking, you can just turn up buy a ticket and hop on.

Austria to London from 78 euros...

See the London to Austria page for full details of times, fares and how to buy tickets. 

From Vienna, you'd use www.bahn.de or www.oebb.at to book the EuroNight sleeper train from Vienna to Cologne, fares from 29 euros in a seat, 39 euros with a couchette or 69 euros in a 2-bed sleeper (check both sites - the Austrian site may be cheaper!).  Then use www.bahn.de again to book a Cologne to London ticket by ICE and Eurostar. 

From Innsbruck or Salzburg, you'd first book the excellent Munich-Paris City Night Line sleeper train at German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right, you print out your own tickets).  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book, maximum 90 days ahead.  Then use www.bahn.de again to book a connecting ticket from Innsbruck or Salzburg to Munich, from 19 euros.  Then book a connecting Eurostar from Paris to London using www.eurostar.com, from 45 euros.

Austria to Brussels from 48 euros...

From Vienna, first book the excellent EuroNight sleeper train from Vienna to Cologne using the German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right, you print out your own tickets).  Fares start at 29 euros in a seat, 39 euros with a couchette or 69 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, if you pre-book, maximum 90 days ahead.  Then book a connecting ICE train from Cologne to Brussels from just 19 euros also at www.bahn.de, allowing at least 45 minutes in Cologne. 

Austria to Germany from 29 euros...

You can book daytime trains from Vienna, Innsbruck or Salzburg to anywhere in Germany from 29 euros, using www.bahn.de, and in most cases you simply print out your own ticket.  You can also book the direct overnight sleeper trains from Vienna to Cologne, Vienna to Berlin, and Vienna to Hamburg online at www.bahn.de.

Austria to Amsterdam from 48 euros...

From Vienna, first book the excellent EuroNight sleeper train from Vienna to Cologne using the German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right, you print out your own tickets) or www.oebb.at.  Fares start at 29 euros in a seat, 39 euros with a couchette or 69 euros in a 2-bed sleeper, if you pre-book, maximum 90 days ahead (check both sites - the Austrian site may be cheaper!).  Then book a connecting ICE train from Cologne to Amsterdam from just 19 euros also at www.bahn.de, allowing at least 45 minutes in Cologne.  Alternatively, you can also book Vienna to Cologne at the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at.  If using oebb.at, first click 'English' top right, then 'Online-Ticket' top left, then click the EURO-Night square.

From Innsbruck or Salzburg, first book the direct City Night Line sleeper train from Munich to Amsterdam online at www.bahn.de.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper if you pre-book, maximum 90 days ahead.  Then use www.bahn.de again to book a connecting ticket from Innsbruck or Salzburg to Munich, from 19 euros.

It's possible to travel from Austria to Amsterdam in one (long) day, using excellent German ICE trains.  It can be booked at www.bahn.de, but the top tip here is to split the journey, first booking Vienna (or Salzburg) to Frankfurt (select Frankfurt am Main Hauptbahnhof), allow at least 45 minutes for the connection, then book Frankfurt to Amsterdam.  This way you'll see cheap fares from 39 euros Vienna to Frankfurt and from 29 euros Frankfurt to Amsterdam.

Austria to Italy or Switzerland from 39 euros...

The Austrian railways website, www.oebb.at, can book many international journeys starting in Austria, with many cheap deals available online if you book in advance, for example Vienna to Rome or Zurich or Venice with a couchette from 59 euros.  Change 'language' to 'English' top right, then click 'Online-tickets' top left, then 'International tickets', then make your booking.  You print out your own ticket in .PDF format.  Easy!  Warning:  Trenitalia.com will also book Austria to Italy trains, but ticket collection is only at Italian stations or by post to Italian addresses, you cannot self-print or collect in Austria, making it a no-no.

Austria to Spain from 101 euros with sleeper...

The best route is Vienna/Salzburg/Innsbruck to Vienna by scenic daytime train with fares from 29 euros, then overnight aboard the excellent three-times-weekly Zurich-Barcelona 'Elipsos trainhotel' with fares from 72 euros in a 4-bed sleeper.  UK residents can go to www.raileurope.co.uk, first book the trainhotel from Zurich to Barcelona, add to basket, then book a suitable connection from Vienna, Innsbruck or Salzburg to Zurich, allowing at least an hour to connect in Zurich. US & Canadian residents can book online in a similar way using www.raileurope.com, and Australians can book at www.raileurope.com.au.  Residents of any country can book from Zurich to Barcelona at www.renfe.com, then Vienna/Innsbruck/Salzburg to Zurich at either the Austrian railways site www.oebb.at or (as long as it gives you a self-print delivery option) the Swiss railways site www.sbb.ch.  Onward trains within Spain are best booked using www.renfe.com.

Austria to Budapest from 19 euros...

A whole range of trains link Vienna and Budapest every day, many of which are now modern Railjet trains.  Some of these run direct from Salzburg or Linz to Budapest, too.  You can easily buy Vienna-Budapest tickets at the station, as no reservation is required, or you can book online at www.oebb.at with special advance-purchase offers from 19 euros (£17) one-way. Change 'language' to 'English' top right, then click 'Online-tickets' top left, then 'International tickets', then make your booking.  You print out your own ticket in .PDF format.  UK residents can also book online at  www.raileurope.co.uk, but without any offers.

Austria to Prague from 29 euros...

Comfortable EuroCity trains link Vienna and Prague several times a day, book them using www.oebb.at, with special offers from 29 euros one-way. Change 'language' to 'English' top right, then click 'Online-tickets' top left, then 'International tickets', then make your booking.  You print out your own ticket in .PDF format.   If you're a UK resident, you can book Vienna-Prague online at www.raileurope.co.uk, but no special offers.

Austria to Bratislava from 14 euros...

It's easy to buy a Vienna-Bratislava ticket at the station, it only costs 14 euros.  Trains run every hour,

Austria to Warsaw, Krakow...

There's a daily direct sleeper train, the 'Chopin', from Vienna to Warsaw and Krakow, with economical couchettes (6-bunk per compartment) and a comfortable and secure sleeping-car (1 2 or 3 beds per compartment).  If you're a UK resident, you can book Vienna-Prague online at www.raileurope.co.uk.  Or buy at the station, which will be the cheapest option.

Austria to Istanbul (Turkey)

You can pick up the London-Istanbul route suggested on the London to Turkey page in Salzburg, Linz or Vienna.  This journey cannot be booked online, only by phone.

 Journeys starting in Denmark

 

The Danish railways website is www.dsb.dk

...wholly within Denmark

www.dsb.dk will book Danish internal long-distance trains, though you may have to use it in Danish (no real problem!).  Seat reservation is optional on most Danish internal trains.

Copenhagen to London from 78 euros...

See the London to Denmark page for details.

Copenhagen to Paris from 78 euros;  Copenhagen to Brussels from 62 euros...

First book the excellent City Night Line sleeper train from Copenhagen to Cologne at www.bahn.de.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.  Booking normally opens 90 days in advance and you simply print out your own ticket.  Then book a connecting ticket from Cologne to Brussels from just 19 euros using www.bahn.de or from Cologne to Paris from just 35 euros at www.thalys.com.  Allow at least 30 minutes to change trains in Cologne.

Copenhagen to Germany, Amsterdam, Switzerland, Prague from 43 euros...

The German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right) can book the excellent direct City Night Line sleeper trains from Copenhagen to Cologne, Amsterdam, Prague or Basel in Switzerland.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.  Booking normally opens 90 days in advance and you simply print out your own ticket.  Daytime trains between Copenhagen and Germany can also be booked at www.bahn.de, using the direct Copenhagen-Hamburg EuroCity trains.

Copenhagen to Sweden, Norway, Finland

There are two ways to book trains from Copenhagen to Stockholm, Gothenburg or Oslo.  The easy but expensive way is to use www.raileurope.co.uk, with tickets sent to any UK address.  Rail Europe charges a standard fixed price for Copenhagen-Stockholm trains for all dates and departures, this is the international tariff made available to other European railway operators by the Swedish Railways.  The second, far cheaper way is to book using either www.sj.se (no booking fee, see my advice on using it here) or www.bokatag.se (English button bottom right, small booking fee).  On both www.sj.se & www.bokatag.se you'll see the actual Swedish Railways prices, which vary like budget airline fares.  If you book several months in advance you can find really cheap fares available, much cheaper than with Rail Europe, rising to pretty much the same level as Rail Europe closer to departure.  You pay online and collect your ticket from the Swedish Railways (SJ) ticket machines which have been installed at Copenhagen main station.  If you can't get your credit card to work on either of these sites, simply call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English).  For overnight ferries Stockholm to Helsinki, see www.silja.com or www.vikingline.com.

Copenhagen to Italy

The German Railways website www.bahn.de (English button top right) can book sleeper trains between Copenhagen and Basel in Switzerland.  Then use www.sbb.ch to book a connecting train from Basel to Milan, and www.trenitalia.com to book onward trains within Italy.

 Journeys starting in Sweden

 

To buy train tickets within Sweden or from Copenhagen to Stockholm, use www.sj.se, see advice on using it here.

Train journeys wholly within Sweden

You can book Swedish trains at www.sj.se (no booking fee, see my advice on using it here) or www.bokatag.se (small booking fee).  Tickets are collected from the self-service machines at all main stations, or you can print your own ticket.  If you can't get your credit card to work on either of these sites, simply call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English).  Seat reservation is compulsory on most long-distance trains, and there are cheap deals if you book in advance, much more expensive fares if you pay on the day of travel.

Stockholm to Copenhagen & Oslo

You can book trains from Stockholm to Copenhagen or Oslo at either www.sj.se (no booking fee, see my advice on using it here) or www.bokatag.se (English button bottom right, small booking fee), with ticket collection from the SJ ticket machines at all Swedish stations and also installed at Oslo & Copenhagen, or print your own ticket.   If you can't get your credit card to work on either of these sites, simply call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English).  There are some great cheap deals available if you book in advance.

Stockholm to Amsterdam, Cologne, Prague, Switzerland, Italy

There is a direct City Night Line sleeper train from Copenhagen to Amsterdam, Cologne, Prague & Basel, leaving around 18:00 and arriving next morning.  Coming from Stockholm, simply book a connecting Stockholm-Copenhagen high-speed train at www.sj.se (no booking fee, see my advice on using it here) or www.bokatag.se (English button bottom right, small booking fee), with ticket collection from the SJ ticket machines or print your own ticket.  Allow at least 45 minutes, preferably more, to connect in Copenhagen.  This makes a cost-effective and time-effective way to get from Stockholm to the heart of Europe without flying!  For Italy, book an onward train from Basel to Milan at www.sbb.ch then book onward trains within Italy at www.trenitalia.com.  Allow at least an hour to connect in Zurich and in Milan.

Stockholm to Brussels & London

See the London-Sweden page for details.

Stockholm to Finland

Overnight cruise ferries from Stockholm to Helsinki can be booked online at www.silja.com or www.vikingline.com.

 Journeys starting in Norway

Train journeys wholly within Norway

www.nsb.no will book Norwegian internal long distance trains.  The 'English' button is top right.  Seat reservation is compulsory on most long-distance trains, and there are cheap deals if you book in advance so it's well worth pre-booking.  When you reach the fares page, use the drop-down list of fare types to see if you can change 'ordinaer' (full fare) to 'minipris' (cheap advance purchase fare, which only appears if there is a minipris available, either 199Kr, 299Kr or 399Kr depending on availability).  'Okonomi' means standard class, any fare including the word 'Komfort' means first class with larger seats, more space, laptop power points and complimentary tea and coffee. 

Oslo to Stockholm, Copenhagen, Gothenburg

www.sj.se (no booking fee, see my advice on using it here) or www.bokatag.se (English button bottom right, small booking fee, accepts all cards) will book international trains from Oslo to Stockholm, Gothenburg & Copenhagen.  You pay online and pick up your tickets from a Swedish Railways (SJ) ticket machine installed outside the NSB travel centre at Oslo Central station.   If you can't get your credit card to work on either of these sites, simply call SJ telesales on +46 771 75 75 75 (touch tone 6 for English).  UK residents can also book trains from Oslo to Copenhagen online at www.raileurope.co.uk, though only the full-fare international tariff is offered.  Onward journeys from Copenhagen to Paris, London, Germany etc should be booked as per the Journeys starting in Denmark section.

 Journeys starting in Finland

Journeys wholly within Finland

www.vr.fi will book any Finnish long-distance train.

Helsinki to St Petersburg & Moscow

The two daily 'Allegro' trains from Helsinki to St Petersburg and the overnight sleeper train 'Tolstoi' from Helsinki to Moscow cannot be booked online, but can be booked by email with Finnish Railways, see the Finland page for more details.

Helsinki to Stockholm

Two ferry companies run luxurious overnight cruise ferries from Helsinki to Stockholm.  Book online with either www.silja.com or www.vikingline.com.

Helsinki to Germany

The cruise ferry from Helsinki to Rostock in Germany can be booked with www.finnlines.com.  You can book onward trains Rostock-Berlin at www.bahn.de then travel on to Paris, Switzerland etc. as shown in the 'Journeys starting in Germany' section above.

 Journeys starting in Budapest & Hungary

Train journeys wholly within Hungary...

These are probably most easily and cheaply bought at the station in Hungary.

Budapest to London...

See the London to Hungary page for train times, fares and how to buy tickets.

Budapest to Munich, other destinations in Germany, Amsterdam, Paris...

You can buy tickets from Budapest to Munich & other cities in Germany, one way or return in either direction, at the German Railways website www.bahn.de, from 39 euros.  For Amsterdam or Paris, book the excellent City Night Line sleeper trains from Munich to Amsterdam or Munich to Paris as a second booking on www.bahn.de, fares from 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.

Budapest to Vienna, Prague...

You can buy tickets from Budapest to neighbouring countries from as little as 13 or 19 euros (no refunds, no changes at these prices) at the Hungarian Railways site, www.mav-start.hu, with some patience!  Click 'English' top right.  Bookings open 60 days ahead.  Remember that Vienna is listed in German as 'Wien' and Prague in Czech as 'Praha'.  To see prices after doing a basic timetable enquiry, click 'international', look for the box marked '1. utas szuletesi datuma' and enter your date of birth, in the format 'yyyy.mm.dd'.  Then click 'Jegyinformaciok'.  Click on the orange arrow next to a price, then on the next orange arrow that appears.  Then select a train and click 'Jegy a kosarba' (add to basket).  You'll need to quickly register, click the link in the confirmation email you will then receive, then log in and pay for your ticket online.  You collect the ticket from the self-service kiosk at main Hungarian stations including Budapest.  You may find it helpful to use Google language tools, or the translate facility in the Chrome browser, as parts of the process end up in Hungarian!  It cannot currently sell tickets for sleepers or couchettes, only seats.  I have yet to use this myself, so feedback would be appreciated

Important:  Reports suggest some or all foreign credit cards are rejected, but do try and let me know!

Tip 1:  Budapest to Vienna trains don't require a reservation, so you may as well just buy at the station when you're there.  It'll cost about 35 euros full-price, so you won't get the cheaper 19 euro internet fare, of course, but you'll have no problems getting the train. 

Tip 2:  Budapest to Linz or Salzburg:  Annoyingly, the Austrian railways website www.oebb.at won't sell 'inbound' tickets from Budapest to Austria, but if you're travelling from Budapest to Linz or Salzburg, try booking Budapest to Munich at the German railways website www.bahn.de.  This will happily sell inbound tickets from Budapest to Germany, and if you find a 29 or 39 euro cheap 'spezial' fare to Munich, you can simply get off the train in Linz or Salzburg no problem, and this is significantly cheaper than paying for a full-price ticket on the day at the station in Budapest.

Budapest to Krakow, Warsaw, Bucharest, Belgrade, Berlin, Zurich...

There are direct overnight sleeper trains on these routes with economical couchette (6 berth) and more comfortable and civilised sleeping-cars (1, 2 or 3 bed compartments with washbasin.  You cannot book these sleeper trains online, but try this agency:  www.centraleasteurope.com/train_tickets.htm.  I have had no reports about them, and have not used them myself, so if you use them feedback would be appreciated!

Budapest to other destinations...

Some journey cannot be booked online.  For example, Budapest to Sarajevo can easily be bought at the station and costs around 57 euros.

 Journeys starting in Prague & the Czech Republic

 

To buy train tickets within the Czech Republic & from Prague to Vienna, Budapest, Bratislava, Berlin, see www.cd.cz/eshop.

Prague to London from 92 euros...

See the London to Prague page for train times, fares and how to buy tickets.

Prague to Amsterdam, Cologne, Brussels from 43 euros...

There is a direct City Night Line sleeper train from Prague to Cologne & Amsterdam which you can easily book online at www.bahn.de.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.  Book it to Cologne if you're heading for Brussels, then use www.bahn.de to book a connecting ticket from Cologne to Brussels, from 19 euros. 

Prague to Zurich, Basel, Copenhagen from 43 euros...

There is are direct City Night Line sleeper trains from Prague to both Copenhagen, Basel and Zurich overnight, leaving central Prague at around 18:30 and arriving next morning.  You can easily book online at www.bahn.de.  Fares start at 43 euros in a seat, 59 euros with a couchette or 99 euros in a 2-bed sleeper.

Prague to Munich, Berlin, Dresden & Germany from 29 euros...

The German Railways website www.bahn.de can book tickets from Prague to Dresden, Berlin, Munich or Hamburg by daytime trains from just 29 euros, and you print out your own ticket.  Top tip for booking Prague-Germany on www.bahn.de:  If booking from Prague to (say) Cologne or Frankfurt, www.bahn.de has an annoying habit of only suggesting journeys via the railway-run bus from Prague to Nuremberg, which of course you don't want.  Simply put 'Dresden' in the 'via' box to force it to find options by train.  Alternatively, you can also buy cheap tickets from Prague to major cities in Germany at the Czech railways online shop, www.cd.cz/eshop, again with self-print tickets.

Prague to Krakow, Warsaw, Budapest, Bucharest, Vienna, Italy...

There are direct daytime and/or sleeper trains from Prague to Krakow, Warsaw, Budapest, Vienna.  To book them either:

(a) Use the Czech railways 'eshop', see the paragraph below.  This will book daytime trains but not sleepers from Prague to neighbouring countries, from just 19 euros if you pre-book.

(b) Contact train booking agency www.czech-transport.com to book sleeper trains from Prague to Krakow, Warsaw, Budapest.

(c) Buy at the station when you get there, there are almost always places available.

The Czech Railways 'eshop' www.cd.cz/eshop can book daytime trains (but not overnight sleeper trains) from Prague to major cities in neighbouring countries, including Krakow & Warsaw, Vienna, Budapest, Bratislava, Dresden & Berlin, at cheap Czech prices (Feedback from anyone who uses this system would be welcome).  However, don't try and use the e-shop for journeys in the other direction (from countries outside the Czech Republic to Prague), as these tickets aren't valid unless stamped by the conductor on an outward journey from Prague.

Using the popular overnight train from Prague to Krakow?  It leaves Prague Hlavni daily at 20:17 and arrives Krakow at 07:18 next morning.  In the modernised sleeping-car, this train is a very comfortable, safe and time-effective option.  However, I strongly recommend you don't use the Rail Europe websites in the USA, Australia, Canada etc to book the Prague-Krakow sleeper train, as there appears to be an issue with the way it handles pricing and accommodation choices on this popular train.  Book it at the station instead, there's almost always places available.  At the station, the fare from Prague to Krakow is only 35 to 40 euros, plus approximately 11 euros supplement for a couchette in a 6-bunk compartment, 20 euros for a bed in a 3-bed sleeper, 27 euros for a bed in a 2-bed sleeper.  Only a 2nd class ticket is now required for a 2-bed sleeper on this train, a 1st class ticket is only necessary if you insist on a single bed sleeper.  A sleeper is recommended, it's a comfortable Polish sleeping-car with an attendant on duty, sturdy locks and chain on each compartment door, and tea or coffee next morning is included in the fare.

 Journeys starting in Poland

Train journeys wholly within Poland...

You can book Polish domestic intercity trains such as Warsaw-Krakow at www.intercity.com.pl (here's a direct link to their online sales page: https://bilet.intercity.pl).  The English button is top right, and you'll need to use the Polish spellings of cities such as 'Krakow' and 'Warszawa'.  You pay online with a credit card and print out your own ticket.  If you use this system successfully (or are unsuccessful!) feedback would be appreciated, as it has not yet been confirmed that it accepts UK and other non-Polish cards.  Alternatively, contact highly-recommended Polish train ticketing agency www.polrail.com, who can arrange train tickets for travel within Poland, or for international trains starting in Poland, for example Warsaw to Moscow, or Krakow to Prague.

Warsaw to London...

See the London to Poland page for train times, fares and how to buy tickets.  You can book the Warsaw to Cologne sleeper train online at www.bahn.de, then book a connecting ticket from Cologne to London also at www.bahn.de.

Warsaw to Amsterdam or Cologne from 49 euros, Warsaw to Brussels from 68 euros...

There is a direct EuroNight sleeper train from Warsaw & Poznan to Cologne & Amsterdam which you can book online at www.bahn.de.  This has cheap fares available if you book in advance.  Book it to Cologne if you're heading for Brussels or London, then use www.bahn.de to book a connecting ticket from Cologne to Brussels or London.

Warsaw to Berlin from 29 euros...

 www.bahn.de can also book the Berlin-Warszawa Express trains between Warsaw and Berlin, and the 'Wawel' InterCity train between Krakow and Berlin.

Krakow to London...

See the London to Poland page for train times, fares and how to buy tickets.

Krakow to Berlin from 29 euros...

 www.bahn.de can also book the Berlin-Warszawa Express trains between Warsaw and Berlin, and the 'Wawel' InterCity train between Krakow and Berlin.

Krakow to Prague from 46 euros in couchettes, 62 euros in a 2-bed sleeper...

There is a direct sleeper train from Krakow to Prague, leaving Krakow at 21:54 daily and arriving at Prague's central Hlavni station at 07:50 next morning.  In the modernised sleeping-car, this train is a very comfortable, safe and time-effective option.  However, I strongly recommend you don't use the Rail Europe websites in the USA, Australia, Canada etc to book the Prague-Krakow sleeper train, as there appears to be an issue with the way it handles pricing and accommodation choices on this popular train.  Book it at the station instead, there's almost always places available, or contact highly-recommended Polish train ticketing agency www.polrail.com, who can arrange train tickets for all international trains starting in Poland and can offer ticket collection in Krakow or tickets sent to your home country.  At the station, the fare from Prague to Krakow is only 35 to 40 euros, plus approximately 11 euros supplement for a couchette in a 6-bunk compartment, 20 euros for a bed in a 3-bed sleeper, 27 euros for a bed in a 2-bed sleeper.  Only a 2nd class ticket is now required for a 2-bed sleeper on this train, a 1st class ticket is now only necessary if you insist on a single bed sleeper (this was changed some years ago, but Rail Europe still seems to insist on  selling you a first class ticket for a double sleeper, making them a very expensive way to book).  A sleeper is recommended, it's a comfortable Polish sleeping-car with an attendant on duty, sturdy locks and chain on each compartment door, and tea or coffee next morning is included in the fare.

Other routes:  Warsaw to Moscow, Prague, Vienna, Budapest or Kiev...

www.intercity.com.pl gives some international fares and train times from Poland but these international trains generally have to be booked either at the station or via an agency.  Try contacting highly-recommended Polish train ticketing agency www.polrail.com, who can arrange train tickets for international trains starting in Poland, for example Warsaw to Moscow, or Krakow to Prague.  Warsaw Centralna station has a modern international office, open 09:00-19:30 daily, it's in a corner of the main hall (Sala Glowna).

 Journeys starting in Russia

Direct Russian sleeper trains link Moscow with Warsaw, Berlin, Cologne, Amsterdam, Paris, Prague, Nice, Helsinki and many other European cities.  There's also a direct train from St Petersburg to Warsaw and Berlin.  These trains cannot be booked online, so contact a reputable Russian ticketing agency such as www.realrussia.co.uk to arrange tickets.  They can also help with Russian visas.  Don't forget you'll need a Belarus transit visa for journeys from Moscow to Warsaw, Berlin, Cologne, Amsterdam, Paris.

 Journeys starting in other eastern European countries

Journeys starting in other eastern European countries generally can't be booked online, but need to be booked by phone.  You might also consider simply buying them at the station.  Fares for international journeys in eastern Europe are difficult to find online, so here are some approximate fares as a rough guide.  These are all one-way adult 2nd class fares.  1st class fares are 50% more than the 2nd class fare.  Returns are normally twice the one-way, but in many cases there are reductions for return tickets.  Children under 12 travel at half fare.

Prague-Krakow 35 euros*

Prague-Budapest 78 euros*

Prague-Vienna 48 euros

Prague-Bratislava 44 euros

Prague-Bucharest 153 euros

Prague-Belgrade 82 euros

Prague-Warsaw 65 euros

Budapest-Krakow 65 euros

Budapest-Prague 78 euros

Budapest-Bratislava 28 euros

Budapest-Bucharest 80 euros

Budapest-Vienna 37 euros

Budapest-Warsaw 83 euros

 

Budapest-Moscow 97 euros

Budapest-Istanbul 124 euros

Budapest-Belgrade 39 euros

Budapest-Sofia 84 euros

Budapest-Thessaloniki 118 euros

Budapest-Kiev 69 euros

Budapest-Zagreb 36 euros

Budapest-Sarajevo 57 euros

Warsaw-Budapest  73 euros

Warsaw-Prague 54 euros

Warsaw-Vienna 63 euros

Warsaw-Budapest 83 euros

Ljubljana - Venice see here

 

Vienna-Prague about 50 euros**

Vienna-Budapest 37 euros**

Vienna-Warsaw 63 euros

Bucharest-Istanbul 40 euros

Bucharest-Belgrade 142 euros

Belgrade-Istanbul 43 euros

Belgrade-Sofia 45 euros

Belgrade-Zagreb 44 euros

Belgrade-Budapest 39 euros

Belgrade-Venice 80 euros

Sofia-Istanbul 18 euros

* This is full-price.  There are cheap fares from just 496Kr (19 euros) available on daytime trains if you pre-book using www.cd.cz/eshop & print out your own ticket.  At the station (but not online) you can also buy cheap tickets for travel in a sleeper, from 69 euros per person in a 2-bed sleeper.

** Cheap fare from 19 euros if booked online at www.oebb.at.

See the useful links page for a complete list of national railway websites for each country.


 How to buy European train tickets by phone...

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  Buying tickets by phone or in person in the UK...

It's easy to buy European train tickets in the UK once you know who to call!  Several UK agencies sell European train tickets, but some are better for some journeys than others because of the particular reservation system they use.  For journeys between the UK and any given European country, select your destination country from the menu on the left and the relevant country page will tell you the agencies to call for that specific journey.  But for more general information on UK agencies which sell European train tickets, read on...

Which agency should you call?  Here's the rule of thumb:  As with so much else in Europe over the centuries, European rail booking broadly divides into the 'French' and the 'Germans'.  For journeys from the UK to France and via France to Spain (Barcelona & Madrid), Italy or Switzerland, I'd call Rail Europe as they are a subsidiary of French Railways, they use the French Railways computer reservation system and have all the cheap fares for France.  But for journeys to or via Germany, for example UK to Germany, Austria, eastern & central Europe and Scandinavia, I'd call Deutsche Bahn's (Germany Railways) UK office, as they have access to all the cheap German fares.  Then again, for a more exotic journey such as London to Bulgaria, Russia or Istanbul, it can be better to call a smaller private agency such as Erail as they too use the German computer reservation system, and arguably have more experience making complex long-distance bookings even though they charge a booking fee.  Finally, for Spain (beyond Madrid & Barcelona) & Portugal it can be better to call spanish-rail.co.uk as they have the Spanish system to can book cheaper fares within Spain & Portugal than Rail Europe can.

Remember that European train reservations open 90 days or for some trains 60 days before departure, you can't buy tickets before reservations open!  More info about this.

Rail Europe

0844 848 5 848

Recommended for:  journeys from London to France, Switzerland, Italy & Spain.  Uses the French railways (SNCF) reservation system.

Phone lines open:  09:00-19:00 Mondays to Fridays, 09:00-18:00 Saturdays.  No longer open Sundays.

Personal callers:  Yes.  You can book in person at the Rail Europe travel centre which (since December 2007) is at 1 Regent Street, London, SW1Y 4XT, open 10:00-18:00 Mondays to Fridays, 10:00-16:00 Saturdays, direct phone number 0844 848 5 848.  It gets very busy in the Summer, so allow plenty of time.  Important:  This travel centre will close on 31 January 2012, reopening in a new location on Piccadilly in late February.

Websitewww.raileurope.co.uk    Emailreservations@raileurope.co.uk

Plus points:  Rail Europe is the UK's biggest European rail agency, owned by the French Railways (SNCF).  They use the French Railways reservation system, so are good for journeys to France and via France to major cities in Spain, Italy, Switzerland and Austria.  Their phone lines are open in the evenings and at weekends, and unlike smaller agencies, the staff are online to the reservation computer during your call, and can quote you train times, fares and availability there and then.

Limitations:  Their SNCF reservations system can sometimes have problems booking certain trains outside France that the systems used by smaller agencies can do easily - for example, it booked Paris to Rome without a problem, then failed to book a train from Rome to Sicily which TrainsEurope or Ffestiniog Travel could do easily.  I have come across staff who are reluctant to sell tickets to more exotic destinations such as Moscow, Istanbul, and Bucharest.  Deutsche Bahn has a better reservation system and has cheaper fares for journeys to Germany, Eastern Europe & Scandinavia.  www.spanish-rail.co.uk can be better for journeys involving trains within Spain or Portugal, as Rail Europe can only sell full-fare tickets within Spain, not the reduced rate deals offered by Spanish Railways themselves.  If you have any problems booking through Rail Europe, simply try Deutsche Bahn or one of the smaller expert agencies.  Rail Europe do not sell rail+sea tickets to Paris or Brussels, only Eurostar.  They will only send tickets to UK addresses (or pick up at their London travel centre).

Booking fee:  £8 per booking for phone bookings, no fee for online bookings at www.raileurope.co.uk.  They charge a 2.5% credit card fee, so use a debit card if you can, or book direct with French Railways at www.tgv-europe.com instead, which has the same prices but in euros with no credit card fee or postage fee.  Only UK-issued credit cards are accepted at raileurope.co.uk.

Ticket delivery & collection:  Tickets can be sent to any UK address (£2.25 fee) or collected free of charge from the self-service machines at St Pancras or (if your journey starts in France) machines at most main stations in France including Paris.

Rail Europe UK (.co.uk) should not be confused with Rail Europe's branches in the USA (.com), Canada (.ca), Australia (.com.au), etc., which are part of the same group, but which offer different fares aimed at overseas travellers.

Deutsche Bahn 

08718 80 80 66

Recommended for:  journeys from London to Germany, Austria, Scandinavia, central & eastern Europe.  Naturally, they use DB's own (German) reservation system.

Phone lines open:  09:00-20:00 Monday to Friday, 09:00-13:00 Saturday & Sunday.  Overseas callers can call +44 8718 80 80 66.

Personal callers:  No

Websitewww.bahn.co.uk.    Email

Plus points:  This is German Railways' excellent UK telesales office, good for tickets from London to Germany as they use German Railways' reservation computer and can access all German Railways' special offers.  They are also good for Scandinavia, Austria, central & eastern Europe, including trains to Russia & the Ukraine.  They don't charge a booking fee.

Limitations:  Staff at a smaller agency such as European Rail (see below) can sometimes be more familiar with arranging complex bookings such as London-Istanbul or London-Romania/Bulgaria, etc. even though they charge a booking fee.  If you call DB's UK office outside Monday-Friday office hours your call is handled in Berlin.

Ticket delivery & collection:  Tickets can be sent free of charge to any UK or Irish address, or sent to overseas addresses for a small charge (about £8 to the USA, for example).

Booking fee:  None.  A 2% fee is charged for credit cards, no fee for debit cards.

Erail (European Rail)

020 7619 1083

 

Recommended for:  journeys from London to most destinations, including Germany, Austria, Scandinavia, central & eastern Europe.  Like Deutsche Bahn, Erail uses the German railways reservation system.

Phone lines open:  08:30-18:00 Monday to Friday, 09:00-13:00 Saturday, closed Sundays.

Personal callers:  No - but tickets can be picked up if necessary at their offices at Tileyard Road, London N7 9AH.

Websitewww.europeanrail.com.    Email

Plus points:  They charge a £35 booking fee when DB's UK office doesn't, but their staff are usually much more familiar with complex bookings such as London to Istanbul, Romania or Bulgaria, so it's often worth those extra few pounds.  European Rail is an experienced and capable agency offering Eurostar, European rail tickets & railpasses.  They use the German Railways reservation system, so are good for travel to Germany, Scandinavia, central and eastern Europe.

Ticket delivery & collection:  Tickets can be sent to any UK address, and they may also send tickets overseas by special arrangement, at extra cost.

Booking fee:  £15 per transaction for tickets under £50, £35 per transaction for tickets over £50.

Spanish Rail UK

020 3137 4464

Recommended for:  journeys from London to Spain & Portugal, journeys within Spain, as they use the Spanish railways (Renfe) reservation system, so unlike some other agencies they can sell the cheap Spanish 'web' and 'estrella' fares.

Phone lines open:  09:30-13:30 & 14:30-17:30 Monday to Friday, closed Saturdays & Sundays.

Personal callers:  No, though tickets can be picked up at their offices, 24-25 Nutsford Place, London W5 (off Edgware Road).

Website www.spanish-rail.co.uk.    Emailinfo@spanish-rail.co.uk

Plus points:  The UK agents for Spanish Railways (RENFE), good for booking trains to and within Spain and Portugal.  Can be difficult to get through to by phone in summer!

Ticket delivery:  Tickets can be sent to any UK address.  Tickets can also be picked up from their offices, 24-25 Nutsford Place, London W5 (off Edgware Road).

Booking fee:  10 euros (£9) fee per person.  A credit card fee may also apply, so use a debit card if you can.

TrainsEurope

0871 700 7722

Recommended for:  journeys from London to most destinations, as they use the French, Belgian, Italian & German reservation systems.

Phone lines open:  09:00-17:30 Monday to Friday, closed Saturdays & Sundays.

Personal callers:  Yes:

  • London St Pancras International:  Trains Europe have a European train tickets desk at St Pancras, located inside the 'National Rail Tickets' travel centre, underneath platforms 1-4.  It's open 09:00-18:00 Monday-Saturday, 09:00-17:00 Sundays.  Unlike the Eurostar ticket office(!), it can sell tickets for journeys all over Europe, and make European seat, couchette or sleeper reservations.

  • March railway station, Cambridgeshire (main office), open 09:30-17:30 Monday to Friday, closed Saturdays & Sundays. 

  • Their office at Cambridge railway station has now closed. 

  • A new office will open at Leicester station on 11 July 2011, open Monday-Saturday 10:00-16:00.

Websitewww.trainseurope.co.uk.    Emailinfo@trainseurope.co.uk

Plus points:  An experienced European rail agency offering Eurostar, European rail tickets, ferry tickets & railpasses.  Trains Europe can make seat, couchette & sleeper reservation for almost any train in Europe except those starting in Portugal, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova or the Baltic states.  Fax 01354 660444.  Will send tickets overseas if required - from outside the UK, call +44 1354 660222.

Ticket delivery & collection:  Tickets can be sent to any UK address, may also send overseas by special arrangement, at extra cost.

Booking fee:  About £10-£30 per booking.

  Other UK ticket agencies...

Other good agencies include www.internationalrail.com (Ropley, Hampshire, call 08700 84 14 14), www.ffestiniogtravel.co.uk (Unit 6, Snowdonia Business Park, Minffordd, North Wales, call 01766 772050 email info@ffestiniogtravel.co.uk), www.rail-canterbury.co.uk (39 Palace Street Canterbury, call 01227 450088, e-mail rail@rail-canterbury.co.uk), www.railchoice.co.uk (call 0870 165 7300, email enquiries@railchoice.co.uk), www.railbookers.com (e-mail info@railbookers.com or call 020 3327 0761),  www.thetravelbureau.co.uk (office in Wombourne, West Midlands, 08448 156 212).

   If you live in the Republic of Ireland...

You can book European train travel through Irish Rail by telephone on (01) 703 1885, or by e-mail at europeanrail@irishrail.ie.  The UK Deutsche Bahn office (see above) will also send tickets to addresses in Ireland.

Travel from Ireland to mainland Europe:  Although this website is UK-based, Irish travellers can use the London-Ireland page to find train+ferry times and fares from Ireland to London, then use the relevant country page to find onward train times and fares from London to any other European destination.  Alternatively, www.irishferries.ie sail direct from southern Ireland to northern France, then use www.tgv-europe.com to find onward train times and fares to Paris, picking up the seat61 recommended route there to your final destination.


 How to buy tickets if you live overseas...

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There are several ways for overseas visitors to buy European train tickets.  In a nutshell, you can book using European rail ticketing agencies in your home country, or you can book online directly with the European train operators.  Remember that bookings for European trains generally open 90 days or in some cases 60 days before departure, you can't book before reservations open!

If you live in the USA or Canada...

  • You can buy European train tickets at www.raileurope.com (USA) or www.raileurope.ca (Canada).  Tickets can be mailed to your home address and you pay in dollars. 

  • However, be aware that these agencies don't always feature the cheap deals available direct from the European train operators, and there's usually a shipping cost and booking fee to add.  So compare prices before buying.  For example, as I write this, www.raileurope.com is charging $130 from Paris to Marseille on a train where French Railways' own website www.tgv-europe.com only charges $63 (49 euros).  Also, US & Canadian agencies often push railpasses rather than normal tickets as they get more commission from these.  However, point-to-point tickets can often be cheaper, especially if you use the cheap book-ahead deals which (if you're prepared to accept the 'no refunds, no changes to travel plans' ticket conditions) tend to blow railpasses out of the water price-wise.  For help with the age-old 'railpass or point-to-point tickets?' question, see the Railpass page.

  • The cheapest option is usually to book online direct with the European train operators, picking up the tickets at the station or in many cases printing out your own ticket.  No booking fee, no shipping cost, and all the cheap deals available.  See the How to buy tickets online section above to learn which website to use for which journeys. 

  • Top tip:  The French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com is a key resource for buying train tickets within France and from Paris to Spain, Italy & Switzerland.  It will in fact allow anyone from any country to legitimately book tickets at cheap European prices, and collect them at any main station in France, or have them sent to any address worldwide including Canada & Australia but except the USA.  If you're from the USA, you should still book using www.tgv-europe.com, but select 'Canada' as your country of residence, otherwise it will try and bump you to the US Rail Europe with higher prices.

  • A final option, useful for more complex or exotic European journeys if overseas agencies say they can't make the reservation and it can't be made online, is to email or call a capable UK agency such as www.europeanrail.com or www.trainseurope.co.uk, both of whom are prepared to send tickets overseas if you pay the courier or postage cost and their booking fee.

  • To buy train tickets for journeys wholly within the UK, see the UK travel page.

If you live in Australia or New Zealand...

  • You can buy European train tickets at www.raileurope.com.au (Australia) or www.raileurope-world.com (New Zealand).  Tickets can be posted to your home address and you pay in your own currency. 

  • However, be aware that these agencies don't always feature the cheap deals available direct from the European train operators, and there's usually a shipping cost and booking fee to add.  So compare prices before buying.  Also, Australian and NZ agencies often push railpasses rather than normal tickets as they get more commission from these.  However, point-to-point tickets can often be cheaper, especially if you use the cheap book-ahead deals which (if you're prepared to accept the 'no refunds, no changes to travel plans' ticket conditions) tend to blow railpasses out of the water cost-wise.  For help with the age-old 'railpass or point-to-point tickets?' question, see the Railpass page.

  • The cheapest option is usually to book online direct with the European train operators, picking up the tickets at the station or in many cases printing out your own ticket.  No booking fee, no postage, and all the cheap deals available.  See the How to buy tickets online section above to learn which website to use for which journeys.

  • Top tip:  The French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com is a key resource for buying train tickets within France and from Paris to Spain, Italy & Switzerland.  It will in fact allow anyone from any country to legitimately book tickets at cheap European prices, and collect them at any staffed station in France, or have them sent to any address worldwide except the USA.  See the step-by-step instructions for using www.tgv-europe.com as the system has a few quirks.

  • A final option, useful for more complex or exotic European journeys if overseas agencies say they can't make the reservation and it can't be made online, is to email or call a capable UK agency such as www.europeanrail.com or www.trainseurope.co.uk, both of whom are prepared to send tickets overseas if you pay the courier or postage cost and their booking fee.

  • To book trains wholly within the UK, see the UK travel page.

        If you live in any other country - India, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, Brazil, Israel or South Africa...

  • You can buy European train tickets online for many journeys from the various worldwide Rail Europe agencies, www.raileurope-world.com.

  • However, in many cases the cheapest option is to book online direct with the European train operators, picking up the tickets at the station or in some cases printing out your own ticket.  No booking fee, no postage, and all the cheap deals available.  See the How to buy tickets online section above to learn which website to use for which journeys.

  • Top tip:  The French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com is a key resource for buying train tickets within France and from Paris to Spain, Italy & Switzerland.  It will in fact allow anyone from any country to legitimately book tickets at cheap European prices, and collect them at any main station in France, or have them sent to any address worldwide except the USA.  See the step-by-step instructions for using www.tgv-europe.com, as the system has a few quirks.

  • A final option, useful for more complex or exotic European journeys if overseas agencies say they can't make the reservation and it can't be made online, is to email or call a capable UK agency such as www.europeanrail.com or www.trainseurope.co.uk, both of whom are prepared to send tickets overseas if you pay the courier or postage cost and their booking fee.

  • To book trains wholly within the UK, see the UK travel page.

A real example...

If you live overseas, it's often better to buy your tickets online directly with the European railways.  For example, as I write this, a 35 euros ($45) advance-purchase fare is available on the sleeper train from Paris to Venice on a random date I picked, and this fare is shown on both the French Railways website www.tgv-europe.com and (converted into pounds) on the UK Rail Europe site www.raileurope.co.uk.  However, the US Rail Europe site (www.raileurope.com) seems to ignore these cheap fares and offers a $184 full fare for the same journey on the same date on exactly the same train in the same accommodation, four times the true price.  Rail Europe is a subsidiary of French Railways, so it's perhaps not surprising that the French Railways website will send this $45 ticket to addresses in most countries of the world, including Afghanistan, Iraq, Outer Mongolia, North Korea and even Canada, but deliberately not the USA, as they'd prefer Americans to pay $184..!  However, visitors from overseas can easily buy the $45 fare and other cheap fares at www.tgv-europe.com (though residents of the USA should select 'Canada' as their country of residence), collecting tickets in Paris or at any main station in France.  To be fair, this is the worst example I've come across and www.raileurope.com can be a good way to buy other tickets.  For example, there is a 72 euros special 'prems' fare for a sleeper on the Paris-Madrid and Paris-Barcelona 'trainhotels', and in this case www.raileurope.com does indeed show the same 'prems' fare when it's available, converted to dollars as a reasonable $90.  In this case, you can still make a few dollars saving by buying direct in euros, but it's probably not worth the effort.  But the message, is, shop around and book direct if you can!


 How far in advance can I book?

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Reservations open 60 or 90 days in advance.  You can't buy tickets before bookings open!

Reservations for most western European trains now open 90 days (3 months) before departure and can usually be made until shortly before departure.  Reservations for many services in eastern Europe only open 60 days (2 months) before departure, and trains within Russia & Ukraine only open 45 days before departure.  You cannot buy tickets or make reservations until reservations open.  But don't worry, you're unlikely to have any problems getting a place on the train you want if you book when reservations open, because (obviously!) no-one else can buy tickets before bookings open either!  Incidentally, the 90 (or 60) days is only approximate, it can vary slightly and often gets squeezed to less than 90 for travel immediately after a timetable change.

Eurostar reservations open 120 days ahead, but...

Bookings for Eurostar from London to Paris or Brussels now open 120 days (4 months) in advance, but if you're travelling beyond Paris or Brussels I strongly recommend waiting until bookings open for the onwards part of your journey, so you can confirm all train times and buy tickets together.  This is to avoid buying a non-refundable, non-changeable Eurostar ticket 120 days before you leave, only to find 90 days out that your onward trains have been re-timed due to engineering work, requiring different Eurostar connections.  There will still be plenty of cheap Eurostar tickets available 90 days out.

Get a 'reminder' email from www.raileurope.co.uk...

If you try to use www.raileurope.co.uk to book a train for a date which is not yet open for booking, it will offer to send you a reminder email on the day that reservations open for that route.  A very useful facility, especially as the 90 days can in fact vary slightly depending on when data is loaded.

Timetable changes in June & December...

European rail operators change their timetables twice a year, on the second Sunday in June and in December.  Online enquiry systems usually hold timetable & reservation data for dates up to the end of the current timetable.  So do not be alarmed if an enquiry for 7 June (or 7 December) brings up lots of trains, but an enquiry for 20 June (or 20 December) shows either no trains running at all (or even more confusingly, only a few trains at strange times of day because odd bits of data for the new timetable have been loaded).  Just wait, and the timetable for dates after the timetable change will appear in due course.  Online booking systems will not sell tickets for any date after the timetable change until the new data has been loaded into the database.  That means the normal 60 or 90 day booking period can get squeezed around June and December.  It's a particular problem for Christmas travel.  For example, in one typical year, bookings for travel in France between 10 December and 10 January didn't actually open until 16 October.  Just be patient, remember that no-one else can book until reservations open, either!  If you just want to know train times or prices for a date after the June or December timetable change, just pick a date before the timetable change and assume that very little will change.


 Senior (over 60) & youth (under 26) fares

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  • Senior & Youth fares:  On many European routes there are Senior fares for anyone over 60 and Youth fares for anyone under 26.  So it's worth telling your booking agency that you are over 60 or under 26, and making sure you select the correct age range when booking online.  Online systems will then offer you whatever the cheapest ticket for your journey happens to be, taking into account your age.  No special railcard is needed for these 'general' Senior or Youth fares, just carry proof of age with you when you travel.  Your passport is sufficient.

  • Don't get hung up on getting a 'Senior' or 'Youth' discount.  Here's why.  A typical international train might have a fare structure something like this: 80 euros full fare, 65 euros Senior or Youth fare, 50/40/30 euros cheap advance-purchase fare for anyone of any age.  If you booked a few weeks in advance, you'd probably find one of the cheap advance-purchase fares available, making the Senior/Youth fare irrelevant, unless you really wanted to pay more just for the warm cuddly feeling of having the word 'Senior' printed on your ticket (though to be fair, Senior/Youth fares are often flexible & refundable, whereas cheap deals are usually non-refundable with no changes to travel plans allowed).  Only if you have to travel at short notice or at very busy times when all the cheap deals are sold out would the Senior fare actually save you money compared to the full fare.  In other words (for example), if you find a cheap £22 ticket available from Paris to Geneva, don't waste time trying to get any further 'senior' discount on this bargain fare, snap it up before it disappears.  The Senior fare on this route is £44 and the Youth fare £39!

  • British senior/12-25 railcards are 'national' railcards, not 'international':  British Senior Railcards & 12-25 Railcards don't entitle you to any discount on Eurostar or any other European railway, they only apply to British domestic trains.  However, some countries have their own senior or youth railcard schemes.  You buy the railcard for a fixed fee and it is then valid for a year, giving discounts on normal tickets for internal journeys within that country (but not usually international journeys).  In Italy, the senior fares shown on the 'Trenitalia' Italian Railways website are for people with a Trenitalia 'Carravaggio' card, not for anyone over 60.  French Railways have a 'Carte Senior', which gives a 25%-50% discount for around 55 euros a year.  Don't select these fares or railcard discounts  when booking online unless you have bought that specific country's senior or youth railcard.  Generally-speaking, these railcards aren't worth worrying about if you're simply making one or two journeys to or from that country.  However, they might be worth researching and considering if you were planning to make frequent journeys during the course of a year wholly within that country.  To research them, start with the relevant rail operator website, there's a list on the links page.

  • Rail+Senior card:  There used to be an international railcard called a Rail+Plus Senior card which gave a 25% reduction on full fares for international journeys between a range of western & eastern European countries.  However, it has now been withdrawn, no great loss as it wasn't valid on any of the 'globally priced' international trains in western Europe, which now means almost all of them!

  

 Child fares & age limits...

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  Travelling with children by train:  On board Eurostar.

On board Eurostar:  This train travel thing is child's play...  Photo courtesy of Nathaniel

 
  • In the UK, children under 5 go free, children from 5 to 15 (inclusive) travel at half the adult fare.

  • On Eurostar, children under 4 go free, and a special child fare (currently £25 single, £50 return to Paris or Brussels in standard class) applies to children from 4 to 11 inclusive.  Children 12 & over travel at the youth fare (for ages 12-26).  All children under 12 must travel accompanied by an adult, and unaccompanied children from 12 to 16 require a consent form signed by their parent or guardian.  See www.eurostar.com for details.

  • On other European trains, age limits for children vary from country to country, so here's a summary.  Just make sure you tell your booking agency how old your children are, and they will do the rest.  Online booking systems will ask you the ages and will work out the fares for you.  The child fare is normally 50% of the adult fare, although on international trains where special 'global fares' are charged, a special child fare applies.

Eurostar, Byelorussia, Estonia, France, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Morocco, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, Yugoslavia: Children under 4 go free,

children 4-11 inclusive

pay the child fare.

Netherlands: Children under 4 go free.

Accompanied children 4-11 inclusive

can use a €2.50 Railrunner ticket covering all of

the Netherlands for the whole day.

Norway Children under 4 free,

4-15 inclusive child fare.

UK, Ireland Children under 5 free,

5-15 inclusive child fare.

Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Luxembourg, Slovakia, Slovenia Children under 6 free,

6-11 inclusive child fare.

Hungary Children under 6 free,

6-13 inclusive child fare.

Germany Children under 6 free,

6-14 inclusive also go free

if travelling with a fare paying

adult, half fare if travelling alone.

Austria Children under 6 free,

6-14 inclusive child fare.

Denmark Children under 6 free,

6-15 inclusive child fare.

However, two children up to 11 years old travel free if accompanied by a fare paying adult.

Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland Children under 6 free,

6-15 inclusive child fare.

Finland Children under 6 free,

6-16 inclusive child fare.

  • Adult cheaper than child?  On one or two routes in western Europe, for example Paris-Switzerland & Paris-Italy, the child rate is more expensive than the very cheapest price level of adult advance-purchase fare, if that cheapest adult price happens to be available.  For example, Paris-Geneva is a variable 'from £22' adult, but always a fixed £32 for a child.  Normally, online booking systems recognise this and offer the adult rate for all travellers if that's the cheapest option, but occasionally they persist in offering the child rate so (for example) 2 adults and 2 children are shown as costing more than if you enter 4 adults.  So it can be worth playing around to check what all-adults would be, and booking as adults if that's cheaper.

  

 How to use key train ticket websites...

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It's crazy that anyone should have to write instructions for using professional online booking websites which should be self-explanatory, but when you read what follows you'll see that somebody has to!  Here are step-by-step instructions for using several important online train ticket websites.

How to use:   Raileurope.co.uk    The French railways site    The Italian railways site    The Spanish railways site

1. How to use www.raileurope.co.uk    

Rail Europe (www.raileurope.co.uk) originally featured exactly the same booking system as voyages-sncf.com & tgv-europe.com, but they introduced their own more reliable, more capable and easier-to-use internet booking system on 21 April 2008.

  • What trains can it book?  It can book any train within France and most international trains to or from France (for example, Eurostar to/from London, the popular Paris-Spain & Paris-Italy sleeper trains, and Paris-Switzerland TGVs), some international journeys outside France, major domestic trains with Spain, Italy, an so on.  That makes it extremely useful for those of us in the UK, as it can book train journeys all the way from London to key destinations throughout France, Switzerland, Spain & Italy.

  • Limitations:  It only sends tickets to UK addresses and only accepts UK credit cards.  It's linked to the French Railways fares & ticketing database, as is tgv-europe.com & voyages-sncf.com, so may not have the best fares for booking trains via Brussels & Germany to Scandinavia, central & eastern Europe.  It can only sell full-fare fully-flexible tickets within Spain, whereas if you book your internal Spanish tickets direct with Spanish Railways at renfe.com (with help from the instructions below) you'll also see the cheap advance purchase fares.  Fares for internal Italian trains will be a pound or two more than those booked direct with Italian Railways at trenitalia.com, though in this case not much more and the saving in time and hassle may be worth it!

  • Booking tips:  The new system is far easier to use, with relatively few quirks.  The top tip is not to try booking (for example) London to Malaga all in one go.  Even if it succeeds in doing so, you may not see the cheapest fares for each leg, and as the whole journey has to be either first class or second class, you won't be able to mix and match (for example) 2nd class Eurostar with 2-berth sleeper (which is technically 1st class) on the Paris-Madrid trainhotel.  Always book a journey like this as separate stages, in this case London to Paris and back, Paris to Madrid and back, Madrid to Malaga and back.

2. How to use www.tgv-europe.com or www.voyages-sncf.com

The online booking system at the French Railways websites www.tgv-europe.com (in English) & www.voyages-sncf.com (in French) is very useful, in fact it's a key resource for any European train traveller.  It sells tickets for any train within France and for most international trains to or from France (for example, the popular Paris-Spain & Paris-Italy sleeper trains, and Paris-Switzerland TGVs), plus some international journeys outside France.  However, it has more than its fair share of quirks, so read the advice on the how to use voyages-sncf.com page carefully before using it.

See the How to use voyages-sncf.com section

3.  How to use the Italian Railways websitewww.trenitalia.com

The Italian Railways website, www.trenitalia.com, will sell (a) train tickets for any long distance journey wholly within Italy, including couchettes & sleepers, at ticket office prices with no booking fee, and (b) tickets for the majority of direct international trains starting in Italy, bound for Paris, Switzerland, Austria, Germany and Slovenia, including couchettes & sleepers on overnight trains.  As Italy is such a popular destination, it's well worth getting to know this site!  Advice on using the Trenitalia website is now on the Train travel in Italy page.

Advice on using www.trenitalia.com

4.  How to use the Spanish Railways websitewww.renfe.com

The Spanish Railways website (www.renfe.com) sells tickets for almost any long-distance train wholly within Spain (including sleepers), and for the direct sleeper trains from Barcelona to Paris, Zurich & Milan, and from Madrid to Lisbon & Paris.

Advice on using www.renfe.com

 

 Can I book any European train from the UK?

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A good European rail agency can sell you a basic ticket (without reservation) for almost any national or international journey in Europe.  However, you will need a reservation for a couchette or sleeper, or for a train shown as 'reservation obligatory' or 'special fares apply' in the timetable.  It can help to know which trains can and can't be easily reserved from the UK.

The European computer reservation system, in fact a linked network of different railways' reservation systems, covers most of Western Europe and much of Eastern Europe, from Portugal in the west to Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia and (as of 2005) Serbia and Romania in the east, and from Sicily in the south to Sweden and Finland in the north, inclusive.  The computer systems used by European rail agents in the UK and by reservation offices at stations in most of Western Europe can (in principle) reserve seats, couchettes or sleepers anywhere in this area.  For example, both Madrid to Lisbon and Lisbon to Madrid can be reserved from the UK.  The computer system can also book trains starting in this area heading outwards, for example Bucharest to Istanbul or Cologne to Moscow.  However, it cannot reserve places on trains in countries outside that area, such as Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Russia, or Ukraine, or on trains starting outside that area heading back in, for example, Moscow back to Cologne, or Istanbul back to Bucharest.  Reservations for such journeys will usually need to be made at the local reservation office when you get there, although if you like you can buy the basic travel ticket (without any reservation) in the UK before you go.

There is one other thing worth knowing.  Different agencies (and different national railways) use different computer reservation systems to access the various national railways' fares, timetable and reservation information.  Some systems will be better than others for a given journey.  For example, Rail Europe uses the French Railways system which is great for trains in France, but not as good for trains within or starting in Germany.  I've been told by Rail Europe staff that the Cologne-Moscow sleeper 'doesn't exist' because it wasn't loaded onto their system.  Whereas Deutsche Bahn's UK office and europeanrail.com both use the German Railways reservation system, which most certainly does have the Cologne-Moscow sleeper loaded into it.  This is also the reason you may be quoted different fares by different agencies.  For example, ask Rail Europe for a fare from Berlin to Cologne, and they will quote you the international tariff rate made available to all other railways by the German Railways.  Ask Deutsche Bahn's UK office for a ticket on the same train, and they may well quote a much cheaper special offer fare from the German Railways' own domestic price range, available only through German Railways' own reservation system.  And similarly, Deutsche Bahn may quote an expensive international tariff for (say) Paris to Bordeaux, when Rail Europe would quote a far cheaper fare only available via the French railways' own reservation system.  This is why I recommend different agencies for different journeys.  If you have any problems, shop around, as if one agency can't book a particular train, another probably can.

 


 

 Recommended guidebooks...

Paying for a guidebook may seem an unnecessary expense, but it's probably just a tiny fraction of what you're spending on your whole trip.  You will see so much more, and know so much more about what you're looking at, if you have a decent guidebook.  For the independent traveller, I think the best ones out there are either the Lonely Planet or the Rough Guide.  Both guidebooks are excellent, and you won't regret buying one..!  Alternatively, the 'Europe by Rail' guide combines country information with basic train information.

Click the images to buy at Amazon.co.uk...

Or buy direct from the Lonely Planet website, with shipping worldwide.Rough Guide to Europe - click to buy online at AmazonLonely Planet Western Europe - click to buy onlineLonely Planet Eastern Europe - buy online at Amazon.co.ukEurope by Rail - click to buy online at AmazonLonely Planet Europe on a shoestring - click to buy online


 

 Hotels & accommodation in Europe...

Find hotels all across Europe...

Search by hotel name  Powered by Hotelscombined.com

 

◄◄◄◄◄ Search all the major hotel

booking websites at once...

Hotel reservations? Find the right hotel first. Compare here.

www.hotelscombined.com is probably the best hotel search system I've seen, a free search tool which checks all the main hotel booking sites (Opodo, Expedia, Booking.com, Hotels.com, AsiaRooms, Travelocity, LateRooms and others) to find the cheapest hotel rates.  Set up in 2005, it's probably the best place to start for booking any hotel online in any country, worldwide.

Other hotel sites worth a look...

  • www.tripadvisor.com is a huge resource, a good place to browse independent travellers' reviews of all the main hotels.

  • www.booking.com is my own preferred hotel booking system (Hotels Combined being a booking site comparison system).  It has a simple interface, a good selection in most countries worldwide, useful online customer reviews of each hotel, and decent prices, usually shown inclusive of unavoidable extras such as taxes (a pet hate of mine is systems that show one price, then charge you another!).

Budget backpacker hostels...

  • www.hostelbookers.com:  If you're on a tight budget, don't forget about the backpacker hostels.  Hostelbookers offers online booking of dorm beds or ultra-cheap private rooms in backpacker hostels in most European cities at rock-bottom prices.


 

 Travel insurance & health card...

Get travel insurance, it's essential...

  Columbus direct travel insurance

Never travel without insurance from a reliable travel insurer, with at least £1m or preferably £5m medical cover.  It should also cover loss of cash (up to a limit) and belongings, and cancellation. An annual multi-trip policy is usually cheaper than several single-trip policies even for just 2 or 3 trips a year (I have an annual policy myself).  Don't expect travel insurance to bail you out of every missed connection, but European international rail conditions of carriage (known as the 'CIV') contain consumer protection provisions that entitle you to travel forward by the next available train if you miss a connection because of a delay to the first train, irrespective of who operates which train, and even if your ticket is in theory train-specific and non-changeable.  Feedback from using insurance for rail & ferry travel is always welcome.  Here are some suggested insurers.  Seat61 gets a small commission if you buy through these links.

In the UK, try Columbus Direct or Go Travel Insurance, or use Confused.com to get a price comparison on a range of travel insurance providers, seeing policy features at a glance.

        If you live in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland or the EU, try Columbus Direct's other websites.

   If you live in the USA or Canada, try Travel Guard USA.

Get an EU health card, it's free...

If you're a UK citizen travelling in Europe, you should apply for a free European Health Insurance Card, which entitles you to free or reduced rate health care if you become ill or get injured in many European countries, under a reciprocal arrangement with the NHS.  This replaced the old E111 forms as from January 2006.  The EHIC card is available from www.ehic.org.uk.  It doesn't remove the need for travel insurance, though.

Get a spare credit card, one designed for foreign travel with no currency exchange loading & low or no ATM fees...

It costs nothing to take out an extra credit card.  If you keep it in a different part of your luggage so you're not left stranded if your wallet gets stolen, this is a form of extra travel insurance in itself.  In addition, some credit cards are significantly better for overseas travel than others.  Martin Lewis's www.moneysavingexpert.com/travel/cheap-travel-money explains which UK credit cards have the lowest currency exchange commission loadings when you buy something overseas, and the lowest cash withdrawal fees when you use an ATM abroad.  Taking this advice can save you quite a lot on each trip compared to using your normal high-street bank credit card!  You can save money on ATM charges and exchange rates using a Caxton FX euro currency Visa Card, or indeed the multi-currency 'Global Traveller' Visa Card, find out about these cards & sign up here.

Get an international SIM card to save on mobile data and phone calls...

Mobile phones can cost a fortune to use abroad, and if you're not careful you can return home to find some huge bills waiting for you.  I've known people run up over £1,000 in data charges just by leaving their iPhone connected during a simple trip to Europe.  However, if you buy a global SIM card for your mobile phone from a company such as www.Go-Sim.com you can slash the cost by up to 85% and limit any damage to the amount you have pre-paid.  Go-Sim cuts call costs in 175 countries worldwide, and you can receive incoming calls and texts for free in 75 countries.  It's pay-as-you-go, so no nasty bills when you get home.  It also allows cheap data access for laptops & PDAs.  A Go-Sim account and any credit on it doesn't expire if it's not used between trips, unlike some others, so a Go-Sim phone number becomes your 'global phone number' for life.


 

Page last updated 6 May 2011

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